diff --git a/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/mvc/method/annotation/ResponseBodyEmitter.java b/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/mvc/method/annotation/ResponseBodyEmitter.java
index f7a3aa218d3..5a368b5d994 100644
--- a/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/mvc/method/annotation/ResponseBodyEmitter.java
+++ b/spring-webmvc/src/main/java/org/springframework/web/servlet/mvc/method/annotation/ResponseBodyEmitter.java
@@ -198,10 +198,10 @@ public class ResponseBodyEmitter {
 	 * @throws java.lang.IllegalStateException wraps any other errors
 	 */
 	public void send(Object object, @Nullable MediaType mediaType) throws IOException {
-		Assert.state(!this.complete, () -> "ResponseBodyEmitter has already completed" +
-				(this.failure != null ? " with error: " + this.failure : ""));
 		this.writeLock.lock();
 		try {
+			Assert.state(!this.complete, () -> "ResponseBodyEmitter has already completed" +
+					(this.failure != null ? " with error: " + this.failure : ""));
 			if (this.handler != null) {
 				try {
 					this.handler.send(object, mediaType);
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ public class ResponseBodyEmitter {
 	 * @since 6.0.12
 	 */
 	public void send(Set<DataWithMediaType> items) throws IOException {
-		Assert.state(!this.complete, () -> "ResponseBodyEmitter has already completed" +
-				(this.failure != null ? " with error: " + this.failure : ""));
 		this.writeLock.lock();
 		try {
+			Assert.state(!this.complete, () -> "ResponseBodyEmitter has already completed" +
+					(this.failure != null ? " with error: " + this.failure : ""));
 			sendInternal(items);
 		}
 		finally {