diff --git a/spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtils.java b/spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtils.java
index f3a5d9c377d..2d6ace8f5d8 100644
--- a/spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtils.java
+++ b/spring-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtils.java
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotation;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotationCollectors;
-import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotationPredicates;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations.SearchStrategy;
 import org.springframework.core.annotation.RepeatableContainers;
@@ -571,14 +570,21 @@ public abstract class TestContextAnnotationUtils {
 		 * that are present or meta-present on the {@linkplain #getRootDeclaringClass()
 		 * root declaring class} of this descriptor or on any interfaces that the
 		 * root declaring class implements.
+		 * <p>Annotations are returned in the order they are discovered: annotations
+		 * on the root declaring class appear first, followed by annotations on
+		 * implemented interfaces in the order they are declared in the
+		 * {@code implements} clause.
 		 * @return the set of all merged, synthesized {@code Annotations} found,
 		 * or an empty set if none were found
 		 */
 		public Set<T> findAllLocalMergedAnnotations() {
-			SearchStrategy searchStrategy = SearchStrategy.TYPE_HIERARCHY;
-			return MergedAnnotations.from(getRootDeclaringClass(), searchStrategy, RepeatableContainers.none())
+			Class<?> rootDeclaringClass = getRootDeclaringClass();
+			Set<Class<?>> localSources = new HashSet<>();
+			localSources.add(rootDeclaringClass);
+			Collections.addAll(localSources, rootDeclaringClass.getInterfaces());
+			return MergedAnnotations.from(rootDeclaringClass, SearchStrategy.TYPE_HIERARCHY, RepeatableContainers.none())
 					.stream(getAnnotationType())
-					.filter(MergedAnnotationPredicates.firstRunOf(MergedAnnotation::getAggregateIndex))
+					.filter(mergedAnnotation -> localSources.contains(mergedAnnotation.getSource()))
 					.collect(MergedAnnotationCollectors.toAnnotationSet());
 		}
 
diff --git a/spring-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests.java b/spring-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests.java
index 258e591577d..d9f9a2bb067 100644
--- a/spring-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests.java
+++ b/spring-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/test/context/TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests.java
@@ -274,6 +274,73 @@ class TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests {
 
 	}
 
+	@Nested
+	@DisplayName("findAllLocalMergedAnnotations() tests")
+	class FindAllLocalMergedAnnotationsTests {
+
+		@Test
+		void annotationOnClassOnly() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(AnnotatedClass.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.singleElement()
+					.satisfies(config -> assertThat(config.classes()).containsExactly(Config1.class));
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void annotationOnInterfaceOnly() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(ClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.singleElement()
+					.satisfies(config -> assertThat(config.classes()).containsExactly(Config2.class));
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void annotationOnClassAndInterface() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(AnnotatedClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.satisfiesExactly(
+						config1 -> assertThat(config1.classes()).containsExactly(Config1.class),
+						config2 -> assertThat(config2.classes()).containsExactly(Config2.class)
+					);
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void annotationOnTwoInterfaces() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(ClassImplementingTwoAnnotatedInterfaces.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.satisfiesExactly(
+						config1 -> assertThat(config1.classes()).containsExactly(Config2.class),
+						config2 -> assertThat(config2.classes()).containsExactly(Config3.class)
+					);
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void annotationOnSuperclassIsExcluded() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(SubAnnotatedClass.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.getRootDeclaringClass()).isEqualTo(AnnotatedClass.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.singleElement()
+					.satisfies(config -> assertThat(config.classes()).containsExactly(Config1.class));
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void metaAnnotationOnClassAndAnnotationOnInterface() {
+			var descriptor = findAnnotationDescriptor(MetaAnnotatedClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface.class, ContextConfiguration.class);
+			assertThat(descriptor).isNotNull();
+			assertThat(descriptor.findAllLocalMergedAnnotations())
+					.satisfiesExactly(
+						config1 -> assertThat(config1.classes()).containsExactly(DevConfig.class, ProductionConfig.class),
+						config2 -> assertThat(config2.classes()).containsExactly(Config2.class)
+					);
+		}
+
+	}
+
 	@Nested
 	@DisplayName("findAnnotationDescriptorForTypes() tests")
 	class FindAnnotationDescriptorForTypesTests {
@@ -377,7 +444,7 @@ class TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests {
 			assertThat(descriptor.getAnnotationType()).isEqualTo(annotationType);
 			assertThat(((ContextConfiguration) descriptor.getAnnotation()).value()).isEmpty();
 			assertThat(((ContextConfiguration) descriptor.getAnnotation()).classes())
-				.containsExactly(MetaConfig.DevConfig.class, MetaConfig.ProductionConfig.class);
+				.containsExactly(DevConfig.class, ProductionConfig.class);
 		}
 
 		@Test
@@ -559,12 +626,12 @@ class TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests {
 		@AliasFor(annotation = ContextConfiguration.class)
 		Class<?>[] classes() default { DevConfig.class, ProductionConfig.class };
 
-		class DevConfig {
-		}
+	}
 
-		class ProductionConfig {
-		}
+	static class DevConfig {
+	}
 
+	static class ProductionConfig {
 	}
 
 	// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -668,4 +735,45 @@ class TestContextAnnotationUtilsTests {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	// Fixtures for FindAllLocalMergedAnnotationsTests
+
+	static class Config1 {
+	}
+
+	static class Config2 {
+	}
+
+	static class Config3 {
+	}
+
+	@ContextConfiguration(classes = Config2.class)
+	interface AnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
+	@ContextConfiguration(classes = Config3.class)
+	interface AnotherAnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
+	@ContextConfiguration(classes = Config1.class)
+	static class AnnotatedClass {
+	}
+
+	static class SubAnnotatedClass extends AnnotatedClass {
+	}
+
+	static class ClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface implements AnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
+	@ContextConfiguration(classes = Config1.class)
+	static class AnnotatedClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface implements AnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
+	static class ClassImplementingTwoAnnotatedInterfaces implements AnnotatedInterface, AnotherAnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
+	@MetaConfig
+	static class MetaAnnotatedClassImplementingAnnotatedInterface implements AnnotatedInterface {
+	}
+
 }