Next development version (v6.2.20-SNAPSHOT)

This commit introduces support for tracking operations during SpEL
expression evaluation. If the maximum number of operations is exceeded,
a SpelEvaluationException is thrown.

The limit can be configured either on a per-use-case basis via
SpelParserConfiguration supplied to the SpelExpressionParser or
globally as a JVM system property or Spring property named
`spring.expression.maxOperations`.

Closes gh-36801

.github/actions/await-http-resource/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+name: Await HTTP Resource
+description: 'Waits for an HTTP resource to be available (a HEAD request succeeds)'
+inputs:
+  url:
+    description: 'URL of the resource to await'
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Await HTTP resource
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        url=${{ inputs.url }}
+        echo "Waiting for $url"
+        until curl --fail --head --silent ${{ inputs.url }} > /dev/null
+        do
+          echo "."
+          sleep 60
+        done
+        echo "$url is available"

.github/actions/build/action.yml

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
 name: 'Build'
 description: 'Builds the project, optionally publishing it to a local deployment repository'
 inputs:
-  commercial-release-repository-url:
-    description: 'URL of the release repository'
-    required: false
-  commercial-repository-password:
-    description: 'Password for authentication with the commercial repository'
-    required: false
-  commercial-repository-username:
-    description: 'Username for authentication with the commercial repository'
-    required: false
-  commercial-snapshot-repository-url:
-    description: 'URL of the snapshot repository'
-    required: false
   develocity-access-key:
     description: 'Access key for authentication with ge.spring.io'
     required: false
@@ -31,7 +19,7 @@ inputs:
   java-version:
     description: 'Java version to compile and test with'
     required: false
-    default: '25'
+    default: '17'
   publish:
     description: 'Whether to publish artifacts ready for deployment to Artifactory'
     required: false
@@ -58,21 +46,11 @@ runs:
       id: build
       if: ${{ inputs.publish == 'false' }}
       shell: bash
-      env:
-        COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: ${{ inputs.commercial-release-repository-url }}
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: ${{ inputs.commercial-repository-password }}
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: ${{ inputs.commercial-repository-username }}
-        COMMERCIAL_SNAPSHOT_REPO_URL: ${{ inputs.commercial-snapshot-repository-url }}
       run: ./gradlew check antora
     - name: Publish
       id: publish
       if: ${{ inputs.publish == 'true' }}
       shell: bash
-      env:
-        COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: ${{ inputs.commercial-release-repository-url }}
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: ${{ inputs.commercial-repository-password }}
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: ${{ inputs.commercial-repository-username }}
-        COMMERCIAL_SNAPSHOT_REPO_URL: ${{ inputs.commercial-snapshot-repository-url }}
       run: ./gradlew -PdeploymentRepository=$(pwd)/deployment-repository build publishAllPublicationsToDeploymentRepository
     - name: Read Version From gradle.properties
       id: read-version

.github/actions/create-github-release/action.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,6 @@
 name: Create GitHub Release
 description: 'Create the release on GitHub with a changelog'
 inputs:
-  commercial:
-    description: 'Whether to generate the changelog for the commercial release'
-    required: true
-  latest:
-    description: 'Whether the release is the latest release'
-    required: false
-    default: 'false'
   milestone:
     description: 'Name of the GitHub milestone for which a release will be created'
     required: true
@@ -22,13 +15,13 @@ runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
     - name: Generate Changelog
-      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@f7d7a87a3e7c627ecb8c26cf086c38ac5a939721 #v0.0.14
+      uses: spring-io/github-changelog-generator@86958813a62af8fb223b3fd3b5152035504bcb83 #v0.0.12
       with:
-        config-file: ${{ inputs.commercial && '.github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator-commercial.yml' || '.github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator-oss.yml' }}
+        config-file: .github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator.yml
         milestone: ${{ inputs.milestone }}
         token: ${{ inputs.token }}
     - name: Create GitHub Release
       shell: bash
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.token }}
-      run: gh release create ${{ format('v{0}', inputs.milestone) }} --notes-file changelog.md ${{ inputs.pre-release == 'true' && '--prerelease' || format('--latest={0}', inputs.latest) }}
+      run: gh release create ${{ format('v{0}', inputs.milestone) }} --notes-file changelog.md ${{ inputs.pre-release == 'true' && '--prerelease' || '' }}

.github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator-commercial.yml

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-changelog:
-  repository: spring-projects/spring-framework-commercial
-  sections:
-    - title: ":warning: Attention Required"
-      labels:
-        - "for: upgrade-attention"
-      summary:
-        mode: "member-comment"
-        config:
-          prefix: "Attention Required:"
-    - title: ":star: New Features"
-      labels:
-        - "type: enhancement"
-    - title: ":lady_beetle: Bug Fixes"
-      labels:
-        - "type: bug"
-        - "type: regression"
-    - title: ":notebook_with_decorative_cover: Documentation"
-      labels:
-        - "type: documentation"
-    - title: ":hammer: Dependency Upgrades"
-      sort: "title"
-      labels:
-        - "type: dependency-upgrade"
-  contributors:
-    exclude:
-      names:
-        - "bclozel"
-        - "jhoeller"
-        - "rstoyanchev"
-        - "sbrannen"
-        - "sdeleuze"
-        - "snicoll"

.github/actions/create-github-release/changelog-generator.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,6 @@
 changelog:
   repository: spring-projects/spring-framework
   sections:
-    - title: ":warning: Attention Required"
-      labels:
-        - "for: upgrade-attention"
-      summary:
-        mode: "member-comment"
-        config:
-          prefix: "Attention Required:"
     - title: ":star: New Features"
       labels:
         - "type: enhancement"
@@ -27,7 +20,9 @@ changelog:
       names:
         - "bclozel"
         - "jhoeller"
+        - "poutsma"
         - "rstoyanchev"
         - "sbrannen"
         - "sdeleuze"
+        - "simonbasle"
         - "snicoll"

.github/actions/prepare-gradle-build/action.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ inputs:
   java-version:
     description: 'Java version to use for the build'
     required: false
-    default: '25'
+    default: '17'
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
@@ -29,25 +29,26 @@ runs:
         distribution: ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && 'temurin' || (inputs.java-distribution || 'liberica') }}
         java-version: |
           ${{ inputs.java-early-access == 'true' && format('{0}-ea', inputs.java-version) || inputs.java-version }}
-          ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' && '25' || '' }}
+          ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' && '17' || '' }}
     - name: Set Up Gradle
-      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@3f131e8634966bd73d06cc69884922b02e6faf92 # 6.2.0
+      uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@4d9f0ba0025fe599b4ebab900eb7f3a1d93ef4c2 # v5.0.0
       with:
-        cache-provider: basic
         cache-read-only: false
         develocity-access-key: ${{ inputs.develocity-access-key }}
         develocity-token-expiry: 4
     - name: Configure Gradle Properties
       shell: bash
       run: |
-        echo 'systemProp.user.name=spring-builds+github' >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
-        echo 'systemProp.org.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false' >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
-        echo 'org.gradle.daemon=false' >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
+        mkdir -p $HOME/.gradle
+        echo 'systemProp.user.name=spring-builds+github' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo 'systemProp.org.gradle.internal.launcher.welcomeMessageEnabled=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo 'org.gradle.daemon=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo 'org.gradle.daemon=4' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
     - name: Configure Toolchain Properties
       if: ${{ inputs.java-toolchain == 'true' }}
       shell: bash
       run: |
-        echo toolchainVersion=${{ inputs.java-version }} >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
-        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-detect=false >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
-        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-download=false >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
-        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.paths=${{ format('$JAVA_HOME_{0}_X64', inputs.java-version) }} >> $GRADLE_USER_HOME/gradle.properties
+        echo toolchainVersion=${{ inputs.java-version }} >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-detect=false >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.auto-download=false >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
+        echo systemProp.org.gradle.java.installations.paths=${{ format('$JAVA_HOME_{0}_X64', inputs.java-version) }} >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties

.github/actions/release-train-build/action.yml

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-name: Build Release
-runs:
-  using: composite
-  steps:
-    - name: Build Release
-      shell: bash
-      run:  ./gradlew -PdeploymentRepository=$(pwd)/deployment-repository publishAllPublicationsToDeploymentRepository

.github/actions/release-train-build/deployment-spec.yml

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-artifactory:
-  artifacts:
-    - pattern: "/**/framework-api-*.zip"
-      properties:
-        zip.deployed: "false"
-        zip.name: "spring-framework"
-    - pattern: "/**/framework-api-*-docs.zip"
-      properties:
-        zip.type: "docs"
-    - pattern: "/**/framework-api-*-schema.zip"
-      properties:
-        zip.type: "schema"
-maven-central:
-  excludes:
-    - "org/springframework/framework-api/**"
-    - "org/springframework/framework-docs/**"

.github/actions/release-train-test/action.yml

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-name: Test Release
-runs:
-  using: composite
-  steps:
-    - name: Test Release
-      shell: bash
-      run:  ./gradlew check

.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: Sync to Maven Central
+description: 'Syncs a release to Maven Central and waits for it to be available for use'
+inputs:
+  central-token-password:
+    description: 'Password for authentication with central.sonatype.com'
+    required: true
+  central-token-username:
+    description: 'Username for authentication with central.sonatype.com'
+    required: true
+  jfrog-cli-config-token:
+    description: 'Config token for the JFrog CLI'
+    required: true
+  spring-framework-version:
+    description: 'Version of Spring Framework that is being synced to Central'
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Set Up JFrog CLI
+      uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@5b06f730cc5a6f55d78b30753f8583454b08c0aa # v4.8.1
+      env:
+        JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ inputs.jfrog-cli-config-token }}
+    - name: Download Release Artifacts
+      shell: bash
+      run: jf rt download --spec ${{ format('{0}/artifacts.spec', github.action_path) }} --spec-vars 'buildName=${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', inputs.spring-framework-version) }};buildNumber=${{ github.run_number }}'
+    - name: Sync
+      uses: spring-io/central-publish-action@0c03960e9b16fdfe70e2443e1d5393cbc3a35622 # v0.3.0
+      with:
+        token: ${{ inputs.central-token-password }}
+        token-name: ${{ inputs.central-token-username }}
+    - name: Await
+      uses: ./.github/actions/await-http-resource
+      with:
+        url: ${{ format('https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/springframework/spring-context/{0}/spring-context-{0}.jar', inputs.spring-framework-version) }}

.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central/artifacts.spec

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "files": [
+    {
+      "aql": {
+        "items.find": {
+          "$and": [
+            {
+              "@build.name": "${buildName}",
+              "@build.number": "${buildNumber}",
+              "path": {
+                "$nmatch": "org/springframework/framework-api/*"
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      },
+      "target": "nexus/"
+    }
+  ]
+}

.github/dco.yml

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-require:
-  members: false
-

.github/workflow-generator.yml

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-workflow:
-  generator:
-    project:
-      java:
-        versions:
-          primary: 25
-    workflows:
-      release-train:
-        build:
-          env:
-            COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME
-            COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD
-            COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL
-        test:
-          env:
-            COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME
-            COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD
-            COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL

.github/workflows/backport-bot.yml

@@ -7,15 +7,27 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - '*.x'
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 jobs:
-  backport-issue:
+  build:
     permissions:
       contents: read
       issues: write
       pull-requests: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - name: Create Backport Issue
-        uses: spring-io/backport-bot@v0.0.3
+      - name: Check out code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
         with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          distribution: 'liberica'
+          java-version: 17
+      - name: Download BackportBot
+        run: wget https://github.com/spring-io/backport-bot/releases/download/latest/backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
+      - name: Backport
+        env:
+          GITHUB_EVENT: ${{ toJSON(github.event) }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: java -jar backport-bot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --github.accessToken="$GITHUB_TOKEN" --github.event_name "$GITHUB_EVENT_NAME" --github.event "$GITHUB_EVENT"

.github/workflows/build-and-deploy-snapshot.yml

@@ -2,76 +2,57 @@ name: Build and Deploy Snapshot
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - 7.0.x
+      - 6.2.x
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
 jobs:
   build-and-deploy-snapshot:
     name: Build and Deploy Snapshot
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' || github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework-commercial' }}
-    runs-on: ${{ vars.UBUNTU_MEDIUM || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Build and Publish
         id: build-and-publish
         uses: ./.github/actions/build
         with:
-          commercial-release-repository-url: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL }}
-          commercial-repository-password: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-          commercial-repository-username: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
-          commercial-snapshot-repository-url: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_SNAPSHOT_REPO_URL }}
           develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
           publish: true
       - name: Deploy
-        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@aba148f1541e09adcf5735af90029fac9a6d3083 # v0.0.5
+        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@926d7f7cc810569395346bf3a4d91b380b3e355b # v0.0.4
         with:
           artifact-properties: |
             /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
             /**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
             /**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
-          build-name: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && format('spring-framework-commercial-{0}', '7.0.x') || format('spring-framework-{0}', '7.0.x') }}
+          build-name: 'spring-framework-6.2.x'
           folder: 'deployment-repository'
-          project: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && 'spring' }}
-          repository: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && 'spring-enterprise-maven-dev-local' || 'libs-snapshot-local' }}
-          uri: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_DEPLOY_REPO_URL || 'https://repo.spring.io' }}
-          username: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME || secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD || secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
+          repository: 'libs-snapshot-local'
           signing-key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
           signing-passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          uri: 'https://repo.spring.io'
+          username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
       - name: Send Notification
         if: always()
         uses: ./.github/actions/send-notification
         with:
           build-scan-url: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.build-scan-url }}
-          run-name: ${{ format('{0} | Linux | Java 25', github.ref_name) }}
+          run-name: ${{ format('{0} | Linux | Java 17', github.ref_name) }}
           status: ${{ job.status }}
           webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
     outputs:
       version: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version }}
-  trigger-docs-build:
-    name: Trigger Docs Build
-    needs: build-and-deploy-snapshot
-    if: ${{ !vars.COMMERCIAL }} # remove when commercial support
-    permissions:
-      actions: write
-    runs-on: ${{ vars.UBUNTU_SMALL || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Run Deploy Docs Workflow
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml --repo ${{ github.repository }} -r docs-build -f build-refname=${{ github.ref_name }}
   verify:
     name: Verify
     needs: build-and-deploy-snapshot
     uses: ./.github/workflows/verify.yml
     secrets:
-      commercial-repository-password: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-      commercial-repository-username: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
       google-chat-webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
-      opensource-repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-      opensource-repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
+      repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
+      repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
       token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
     with:
       version: ${{ needs.build-and-deploy-snapshot.outputs.version }}

.github/workflows/build-pull-request.yml

@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ jobs:
     name: Build Pull Request
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Build
         id: build
         uses: ./.github/actions/build
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/print-jvm-thread-dumps
       - name: Upload Build Reports
         if: failure()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: build-reports
-          path: '**/build/reports/'
+          path: '**/build/reports/'

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -1,34 +1,33 @@
 name: CI
 on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '30 9 * * *'
-permissions:
-  contents: read
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 6.2.x
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
 jobs:
   ci:
     name: '${{ matrix.os.name}} | Java ${{ matrix.java.version}}'
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' || github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework-commercial' }}
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os.id }}
     timeout-minutes: 60
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os:
-          - id: ${{ vars.UBUNTU_MEDIUM || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+          - id: ubuntu-latest
             name: Linux
         java:
           - version: 17
-            toolchain: true
+            toolchain: false
           - version: 21
             toolchain: true
           - version: 25
-            toolchain: false
-          - version: 26
             toolchain: true
         exclude:
           - os:
               name: Linux
             java:
-              version: 25
+              version: 17
     steps:
       - name: Prepare Windows runner
         if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' }}
@@ -37,15 +36,11 @@ jobs:
           git config --global core.longPaths true
           Stop-Service -name Docker
       - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Build
         id: build
         uses: ./.github/actions/build
         with:
-          commercial-release-repository-url: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL }}
-          commercial-repository-password: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
-          commercial-repository-username: ${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
-          commercial-snapshot-repository-url: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_SNAPSHOT_REPO_URL }}
           develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
           java-early-access: ${{ matrix.java.early-access || 'false' }}
           java-distribution: ${{ matrix.java.distribution }}

.github/workflows/deploy-docs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: Deploy Docs
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 'main'
+      - '*.x'
+      - '!gh-pages'
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
+  repository_dispatch:
+    types: request-build-reference # legacy
+  workflow_dispatch:
+permissions:
+  actions: write
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Dispatch docs deployment
+    if: github.repository_owner == 'spring-projects'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out code
+      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 1
+        ref: docs-build
+    - name: Dispatch (partial build)
+      if: github.ref_type == 'branch'
+      env:
+        GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml -r $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) -f build-refname=${{ github.ref_name }}
+    - name: Dispatch (full build)
+      if: github.ref_type == 'tag'
+      env:
+        GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml -r $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)

.github/workflows/publish-milestone.yml

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-name: Release Milestone
-on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - v7.0.0-M[1-9]
-      - v7.0.0-RC[1-9]
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
-jobs:
-  trigger-docs-build:
-    name: Trigger Docs Build
-    permissions:
-      actions: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Determine Version
-        id: version
-        run: echo "version=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-      - name: Run Deploy Docs Workflow
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml --repo ${{ github.repository }} -r docs-build -f build-refname=${{ github.ref_name }}
-  create-github-release:
-    name: Create GitHub Release
-    needs:
-      - trigger-docs-build
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - name: Create GitHub Release
-        uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
-        with:
-          commercial: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL }}
-          milestone: ${{ needs.trigger-docs-build.outputs.version }}
-          pre-release: true
-          token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/publish-release.yml

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-name: Release
-on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - v7.0.[0-9]+
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
-jobs:
-  trigger-docs-build:
-    name: Trigger Docs Build
-    permissions:
-      actions: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Determine Version
-        id: version
-        run: echo "version=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-      - name: Run Deploy Docs Workflow
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: gh workflow run deploy-docs.yml --repo ${{ github.repository }} -r docs-build -f build-refname=${{ github.ref_name }}
-  create-github-release:
-    name: Create GitHub Release
-    needs:
-      - trigger-docs-build
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Check Out Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - name: Create GitHub Release
-        uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
-        with:
-          commercial: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL }}
-          latest: true
-          milestone: ${{ needs.trigger-docs-build.outputs.version }}
-          token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release-train-build.yml

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Build"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.callback-ref }} – Build"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      callback:
-        description: "Repository to which a callback should be made upon completion"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      callback-ref:
-        description: "Ref in the callback repository to which a callback should be made upon completion"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-maven-repository-url:
-        description: "URL of a Maven repository to be used to resolve artifacts of projects earlier in the train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "read"
-concurrency:
-  group: "${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}"
-jobs:
-  build-release:
-    name: "Build Release"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu22-2-8"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Prevent Re-runs"
-      id: "prevent-re-runs"
-      run: |-
-        if [ "$GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT" -gt 1 ]; then
-          echo "Re-runs are prohibited. Use the 'Release Train – Retry' workflow to retry build failures"
-          exit 1
-        fi
-    - name: "Set up Java"
-      id: "set-up-java"
-      uses: "actions/setup-java@03ad4de0992f5dab5e18fcb136590ce7c4a0ac95" # v5.6.0
-      with:
-        distribution: "liberica"
-        java-version: "25"
-    - name: "Check Out Code"
-      id: "check-out-code"
-      uses: "actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0" # v7.0.0
-    - name: "Build Release"
-      id: "build-release"
-      uses: "./.github/actions/release-train-build"
-      env:
-        COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: "${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL }}"
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: "${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}"
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: "${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_URL: "${{ inputs.release-train-maven-repository-url }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_USERNAME }}"
-    - name: "Upload Deployment Repository"
-      id: "upload-deployment-repository"
-      uses: "actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a" # v7.0.1
-      with:
-        name: "deployment-repository"
-        path: "deployment-repository/**"
-    - name: "Upload Deployment Spec"
-      id: "upload-deployment-spec"
-      uses: "actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a" # v7.0.1
-      with:
-        archive: "false"
-        if-no-files-found: "ignore"
-        name: "deployment-spec"
-        path: ".github/actions/release-train-build/deployment-spec.yml"
-    - name: "Save Build System Caches"
-      id: "save-build-system-caches"
-      uses: "actions/cache/save@55cc8345863c7cc4c66a329aec7e433d2d1c52a9" # v6.1.0
-      with:
-        key: "release-train-${{ inputs.callback-ref }}-${{ github.ref_name }}"
-        path: |-
-          ~/.gradle/caches
-          ~/.gradle/wrapper
-    - name: "Send Callback"
-      id: "send-callback"
-      if: "${{ !cancelled() }}"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        gh workflow run callback \
-        --repo ${{ inputs.callback }} \
-        --ref ${{ inputs.callback-ref }} \
-        --field commit-hash=${{ steps.check-out-code.outputs.commit }} \
-        --field deployment-repository-artifact-identifier=${{ steps.upload-deployment-repository.outputs.artifact-id }} \
-        --field deployment-spec-artifact-identifier=${{ steps.upload-deployment-spec.outputs.artifact-id }} \
-        --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-        --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }} \
-        --field result=${{ job.status == 'success' && 'built' || 'build-failed' }} \
-        --field workflow-run-url=${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}

.github/workflows/release-train-join.yml

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Join"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.release-train }} – Join"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      deployment-destination:
-        description: "Destination to which the release should be deployed"
-        options:
-        - "Maven Central"
-        - "Spring Enterprise"
-        required: true
-        type: "choice"
-      release-train:
-        description: "Release train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-repository:
-        default: "spring-io/release-train"
-        description: "Release train repository"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "none"
-jobs:
-  join-release-train:
-    name: "Join Release Train"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Join Release Train"
-      id: "join-release-train"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        run_url=$(
-          gh workflow run join \
-          --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} \
-          --ref ${{ inputs.release-train }} \
-          --field commit-hash=${{ github.sha }} \
-          --field deployment-destination=${{ inputs.deployment-destination == 'Maven Central' && 'maven-central' || 'spring-enterprise' }} \
-          --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-          --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }}
-        )
-        echo "Dispatched workflow run. Waiting for $run_url to complete."
-        run_id=${run_url##*/}
-        watch_exit_code=0
-        gh run watch $run_id --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} --exit-status --interval=3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || watch_exit_code=$?
-        if [[ $watch_exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
-          echo "Workflow run succeeded."
-        else
-          echo "Workflow run failed."
-        fi
-        exit $watch_exit_code

.github/workflows/release-train-leave.yml

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Leave"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.release-train }} – Leave"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      release-train:
-        description: "Release train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-repository:
-        default: "spring-io/release-train"
-        description: "Release train repository"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "none"
-jobs:
-  leave:
-    name: "Leave"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Leave"
-      id: "leave"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        run_url=$(
-          gh workflow run leave \
-          --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} \
-          --ref ${{ inputs.release-train }} \
-          --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-          --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }}
-        )
-        echo "Dispatched workflow run. Waiting for $run_url to complete."
-        run_id=${run_url##*/}
-        watch_exit_code=0
-        gh run watch $run_id --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} --exit-status --interval=3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || watch_exit_code=$?
-        if [[ $watch_exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
-          echo "Workflow run succeeded."
-        else
-          echo "Workflow run failed."
-        fi
-        exit $watch_exit_code

.github/workflows/release-train-ready.yml

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Ready"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.release-train }} – Ready"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      release-train:
-        description: "Release train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-repository:
-        default: "spring-io/release-train"
-        description: "Release train repository"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "none"
-jobs:
-  ready:
-    name: "Ready"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Ready"
-      id: "ready"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        run_url=$(
-          gh workflow run ready \
-          --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} \
-          --ref ${{ inputs.release-train }} \
-          --field commit-hash=${{ github.sha }} \
-          --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-          --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }}
-        )
-        echo "Dispatched workflow run. Waiting for $run_url to complete."
-        run_id=${run_url##*/}
-        watch_exit_code=0
-        gh run watch $run_id --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} --exit-status --interval=3 > /dev/null 2>&1 || watch_exit_code=$?
-        if [[ $watch_exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then
-          echo "Workflow run succeeded."
-        else
-          echo "Workflow run failed."
-        fi
-        exit $watch_exit_code

.github/workflows/release-train-retry.yml

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Retry"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.release-train }} – Retry"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      release-train:
-        description: "Release train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-repository:
-        default: "spring-io/release-train"
-        description: "Release train repository"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "none"
-jobs:
-  trigger-retry:
-    name: "Trigger Retry"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Trigger Retry"
-      id: "trigger-retry"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        gh workflow run retry \
-        --repo ${{ inputs.release-train-repository }} \
-        --ref ${{ inputs.release-train }} \
-        --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-        --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }}

.github/workflows/release-train-test.yml

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-# This file was auto-generated by github-actions-workflow-generator 0.0.6. Do not edit.
-# To update it, modify .github/workflow-generator.yml as needed and re-run the generator.
-
-name: "Release Train – Test"
-run-name: "${{ inputs.callback-ref }} – Test"
-"on":
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      callback:
-        description: "Repository to which a callback should be made upon completion"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      callback-ref:
-        description: "Ref in the callback repository to which a callback should be made upon completion"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-      release-train-maven-repository-url:
-        description: "URL of a Maven repository to be used to resolve artifacts of projects earlier in the train"
-        required: true
-        type: "string"
-permissions:
-  contents: "read"
-concurrency:
-  group: "${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}"
-jobs:
-  test-release:
-    name: "Test Release"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu22-2-8"
-    steps:
-    - name: "Prevent Re-runs"
-      id: "prevent-re-runs"
-      run: |-
-        if [ "$GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT" -gt 1 ]; then
-          echo "Re-runs are prohibited. Use the 'Release Train – Retry' workflow to retry test failures"
-          exit 1
-        fi
-    - name: "Set up Java"
-      id: "set-up-java"
-      uses: "actions/setup-java@03ad4de0992f5dab5e18fcb136590ce7c4a0ac95" # v5.6.0
-      with:
-        distribution: "liberica"
-        java-version: "25"
-    - name: "Check Out Code"
-      id: "check-out-code"
-      uses: "actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0" # v7.0.0
-    - name: "Restore Build System Caches"
-      id: "restore-build-system-caches"
-      uses: "actions/cache/restore@55cc8345863c7cc4c66a329aec7e433d2d1c52a9" # v6.1.0
-      with:
-        key: "release-train-${{ inputs.callback-ref }}-${{ github.ref_name }}"
-        path: |-
-          ~/.gradle/caches
-          ~/.gradle/wrapper
-    - name: "Test Release"
-      id: "test-release"
-      uses: "./.github/actions/release-train-test"
-      env:
-        COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL: "${{ vars.COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL }}"
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD: "${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}"
-        COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME: "${{ secrets.COMMERCIAL_ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_URL: "${{ inputs.release-train-maven-repository-url }}"
-        RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_USERNAME }}"
-    - name: "Send Callback"
-      id: "send-callback"
-      if: "${{ !cancelled() }}"
-      env:
-        GH_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.RELEASE_TRAIN_PARTICIPANT_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-      run: |-
-        gh workflow run callback \
-        --repo ${{ inputs.callback }} \
-        --ref ${{ inputs.callback-ref }} \
-        --field commit-hash=${{ steps.check-out-code.outputs.commit }} \
-        --field release-branch=${{ github.ref_name }} \
-        --field release-repository=${{ github.repository }} \
-        --field result=${{ job.status == 'success' && 'tested' || 'test-failed' }} \
-        --field workflow-run-url=${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}
-    - name: "Upload Build System Reports"
-      id: "upload-build-system-reports"
-      if: "${{ failure() }}"
-      uses: "actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a" # v7.0.1
-      with:
-        name: "build-system-reports"
-        path: "**/build/reports"

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+name: Release
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - v6.2.[0-9]+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+jobs:
+  build-and-stage-release:
+    name: Build and Stage Release
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'spring-projects/spring-framework' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check Out Code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Build and Publish
+        id: build-and-publish
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build
+        with:
+          develocity-access-key: ${{ secrets.DEVELOCITY_ACCESS_KEY }}
+          publish: true
+      - name: Stage Release
+        uses: spring-io/artifactory-deploy-action@926d7f7cc810569395346bf3a4d91b380b3e355b # v0.0.4
+        with:
+          artifact-properties: |
+            /**/framework-api-*.zip::zip.name=spring-framework,zip.deployed=false
+            /**/framework-api-*-docs.zip::zip.type=docs
+            /**/framework-api-*-schema.zip::zip.type=schema
+          build-name: ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version)}}
+          folder: 'deployment-repository'
+          password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
+          repository: 'libs-staging-local'
+          signing-key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          signing-passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          uri: 'https://repo.spring.io'
+          username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.build-and-publish.outputs.version }}
+  verify:
+    name: Verify
+    needs: build-and-stage-release
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/verify.yml
+    secrets:
+      google-chat-webhook-url: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_CHAT_WEBHOOK_URL }}
+      repository-password: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_PASSWORD }}
+      repository-username: ${{ secrets.ARTIFACTORY_USERNAME }}
+      token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}
+    with:
+      staging: true
+      version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
+  sync-to-maven-central:
+    name: Sync to Maven Central
+    needs:
+      - build-and-stage-release
+      - verify
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check Out Code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Sync to Maven Central
+        uses: ./.github/actions/sync-to-maven-central
+        with:
+          central-token-password: ${{ secrets.CENTRAL_TOKEN_PASSWORD }}
+          central-token-username: ${{ secrets.CENTRAL_TOKEN_USERNAME }}
+          jfrog-cli-config-token: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
+          spring-framework-version: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
+  promote-release:
+    name: Promote Release
+    needs:
+      - build-and-stage-release
+      - sync-to-maven-central
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up JFrog CLI
+        uses: jfrog/setup-jfrog-cli@5b06f730cc5a6f55d78b30753f8583454b08c0aa # v4.8.1
+        env:
+          JF_ENV_SPRING: ${{ secrets.JF_ARTIFACTORY_SPRING }}
+      - name: Promote build
+        run: jfrog rt build-promote ${{ format('spring-framework-{0}', needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version)}} ${{ github.run_number }} libs-release-local
+  create-github-release:
+    name: Create GitHub Release
+    needs:
+      - build-and-stage-release
+      - promote-release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check Out Code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Create GitHub Release
+        uses: ./.github/actions/create-github-release
+        with:
+          milestone: ${{ needs.build-and-stage-release.outputs.version }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_REPO_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/update-antora-ui-spring.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        branch: [ '6.2.x', '7.0.x', 'main' ]
+        branch: [ '6.1.x' ]
     steps:
       - uses: spring-io/spring-doc-actions/update-antora-spring-ui@5a57bcc6a0da2a1474136cf29571b277850432bc
         name: Update

.github/workflows/verify.yml

@@ -12,39 +12,31 @@ on:
         required: true
         type: string
     secrets:
-      commercial-repository-password:
-        description: 'Password for authentication with the commercial repository'
-        required: false
-      commercial-repository-username:
-        description: 'Username for authentication with the commercial repository'
-        required: false
       google-chat-webhook-url:
         description: 'Google Chat Webhook URL'
         required: true
-      opensource-repository-password:
-        description: 'Password for authentication with the open-source repository'
+      repository-password:
+        description: 'Password for authentication with the repository'
         required: false
-      opensource-repository-username:
-        description: 'Username for authentication with the open-source repository'
+      repository-username:
+        description: 'Username for authentication with the repository'
         required: false
       token:
         description: 'Token to use for authentication with GitHub'
         required: true
-permissions:
-  contents: read
 jobs:
   verify:
     name: Verify
-    runs-on: ${{ vars.UBUNTU_SMALL || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Check Out Release Verification Tests
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
-          ref: 'v0.0.3'
+          ref: 'v0.0.2'
           repository: spring-projects/spring-framework-release-verification
           token: ${{ secrets.token }}
       - name: Check Out Send Notification Action
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           path: send-notification
           sparse-checkout: .github/actions/send-notification
@@ -54,9 +46,8 @@ jobs:
           distribution: 'liberica'
           java-version: 17
       - name: Set Up Gradle
-        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@3f131e8634966bd73d06cc69884922b02e6faf92 # v6.2.0
+        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@4d9f0ba0025fe599b4ebab900eb7f3a1d93ef4c2 # v5.0.0
         with:
-          cache-provider: basic
           cache-read-only: false
       - name: Configure Gradle Properties
         shell: bash
@@ -65,17 +56,15 @@ jobs:
           echo 'org.gradle.daemon=false' >> $HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
       - name: Run Release Verification Tests
         env:
-          RVT_COMMERCIAL_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.commercial-repository-password }}
-          RVT_COMMERCIAL_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.commercial-repository-username }}
-          RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.opensource-repository-password }}
-          RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.opensource-repository-username }}
-          RVT_RELEASE_TYPE: ${{ vars.COMMERCIAL && 'commercial' || 'oss' }}
+          RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.repository-password }}
+          RVT_OSS_REPOSITORY_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.repository-username }}
+          RVT_RELEASE_TYPE: oss
           RVT_STAGING: ${{ inputs.staging }}
           RVT_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
         run: ./gradlew spring-framework-release-verification-tests:test
       - name: Upload Build Reports on Failure
         if: failure()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: build-reports
           path: '**/build/reports/'

.gitignore

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ bin
 .springBeans
 spring-*/src/main/java/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
 
-# IntelliJ IDEA artifacts and output dirs
+# IDEA artifacts and output dirs
 *.iml
 *.ipr
 *.iws
@@ -52,10 +52,6 @@ atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
 # VS Code
 .vscode/
 
-# Claude artifacts
-.claude/*
-
 cached-antora-playbook.yml
 
 node_modules
-/.kotlin/

.sdkmanrc

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # Enable auto-env through the sdkman_auto_env config
 # Add key=value pairs of SDKs to use below
-java=25-librca
+java=17.0.13-librca

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ source code into your IDE.
 The wiki pages
 [Code Style](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Code-Style) and
 [IntelliJ IDEA Editor Settings](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/IntelliJ-IDEA-Editor-Settings)
-define the source file coding standards we use along with some IntelliJ editor settings we customize.
+define the source file coding standards we use along with some IDEA editor settings we customize.
 
 ### Reference Docs
 

build.gradle

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 plugins {
-	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '8.13.1' apply false
+	id 'io.freefair.aspectj' version '8.4' apply false
 	// kotlinVersion is managed in gradle.properties
 	id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization' version "${kotlinVersion}" apply false
-	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka'
+	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka' version '1.9.20'
+	id 'com.github.ben-manes.versions' version '0.51.0'
 	id 'com.github.bjornvester.xjc' version '1.8.2' apply false
-	id 'com.gradleup.shadow' version "9.2.2" apply false
+	id 'de.undercouch.download' version '5.4.0'
+	id 'io.github.goooler.shadow' version '8.1.8' apply false
 	id 'me.champeau.jmh' version '0.7.2' apply false
-	id 'io.spring.nullability' version '0.0.15' apply false
+	id 'me.champeau.mrjar' version '0.1.1'
+	id "net.ltgt.errorprone" version "4.1.0" apply false
 }
 
 ext {
@@ -18,8 +21,23 @@ description = "Spring Framework"
 
 configure(allprojects) { project ->
 	apply plugin: "org.springframework.build.localdev"
-    apply plugin: "org.springframework.build.repositories"
 	group = "org.springframework"
+	repositories {
+		mavenCentral()
+		maven {
+			url = "https://repo.spring.io/milestone"
+			content {
+				// Netty 5 optional support
+				includeGroup 'io.projectreactor.netty'
+			}
+		}
+		if (version.contains('-')) {
+			maven { url = "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
+		}
+		if (version.endsWith('-SNAPSHOT')) {
+			maven { url = "https://repo.spring.io/snapshot" }
+		}
+	}
 	configurations.all {
 		resolutionStrategy {
 			cacheChangingModulesFor 0, "seconds"
@@ -46,6 +64,7 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 	apply plugin: "java"
 	apply plugin: "java-test-fixtures"
 	apply plugin: 'org.springframework.build.conventions'
+	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/toolchains.gradle"
 	apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/ide.gradle"
 
 	dependencies {
@@ -53,27 +72,35 @@ configure([rootProject] + javaProjects) { project ->
 		testImplementation("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-suite")
 		testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-core")
 		testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter")
-		testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk") {
-			exclude group: 'junit', module: 'junit'
-		}
+		testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk")
 		testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
 		testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core")
+		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-jul")
+		testRuntimeOnly("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j2-impl")
+		// JSR-305 only used for non-required meta-annotations
+		compileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
+		testCompileOnly("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305")
 	}
 
 	ext.javadocLinks = [
-		"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
-		//"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/11/apidocs/",
-		"https://docs.hibernate.org/orm/7.2/javadocs/",
-		"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
-		"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.6.x/5.6/httpclient5/apidocs/",
-		"https://projectreactor.io/docs/core/release/api/",
-		"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
-		"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
-		"https://docs.junit.org/6.0.3/api/",
-		"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.4-javadoc/",
-		"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
-		"https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/"
+			"https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/",
+			"https://jakarta.ee/specifications/platform/9/apidocs/",
+			"https://docs.hibernate.org/orm/5.6/javadocs/",
+			"https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/api/2.3.0/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-core/javadoc/2.14/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-databind/javadoc/2.14/",
+			"https://fasterxml.github.io/jackson-dataformat-xml/javadoc/2.14/",
+			//"https://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-5.5.x/current/httpclient5/apidocs/",
+			"https://projectreactor.io/docs/test/release/api/",
+			"https://junit.org/junit4/javadoc/4.13.2/",
+			"https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.4-javadoc/",
+			//"https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/",
+			"https://r2dbc.io/spec/1.0.0.RELEASE/api/",
+			// Previously there could be a split-package issue between JSR250 and JSR305 javax.annotation packages,
+			// but since 6.0 JSR 250 annotations such as @Resource and @PostConstruct have been replaced by their
+			// JakartaEE equivalents in the jakarta.annotation package.
+			//"https://www.javadoc.io/doc/com.google.code.findbugs/jsr305/3.0.2/"
 	] as String[]
 }
 

buildSrc/README.md

@@ -9,18 +9,7 @@ The `org.springframework.build.conventions` plugin applies all conventions to th
 
 * Configuring the Java compiler, see `JavaConventions`
 * Configuring the Kotlin compiler, see `KotlinConventions`
-* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions`
-* Configuring the ArchUnit rules for the project, see `org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules`
-
-This plugin also provides a DSL extension to optionally enable Java preview features for
-compiling and testing sources in a module. This can be applied with the following in a
-module build file:
-
-```groovy
-springFramework {
-	enableJavaPreviewFeatures = true
-}
-```
+* Configuring testing in the build with `TestConventions` 
 
 
 ## Build Plugins
@@ -33,25 +22,6 @@ but doesn't affect the classpath of dependent projects.
 This plugin does not provide a `provided` configuration, as the native `compileOnly` and `testCompileOnly`
 configurations are preferred.
 
-### MultiRelease Jar
-
-The `org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar` plugin configures the project with MultiRelease JAR support.
-It creates a new SourceSet and dedicated tasks for each Java variant considered.
-This can be configured with the DSL, by setting a list of Java variants to configure:
-
-```groovy
-plugins {
-    id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-}
-
-multiRelease {
-	releaseVersions 21, 24
-}
-```
-
-Note, Java classes will be compiled with the toolchain pre-configured by the project, assuming that its
-Java language version is equal or higher than all variants we consider. Each compilation task will only
-set the "-release" compilation option accordingly to produce the expected bytecode version.
 
 ### RuntimeHints Java Agent
 

buildSrc/build.gradle

@@ -20,24 +20,14 @@ ext {
 dependencies {
 	checkstyle "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-checkstyle:${javaFormatVersion}"
 	implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlinVersion}"
-	implementation "org.jetbrains.dokka:dokka-gradle-plugin:2.1.0"
-	implementation "com.tngtech.archunit:archunit:1.4.1"
-	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.6.2"
+	implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-compiler-embeddable:${kotlinVersion}"
+	implementation "org.gradle:test-retry-gradle-plugin:1.5.6"
 	implementation "io.spring.javaformat:spring-javaformat-gradle-plugin:${javaFormatVersion}"
 	implementation "io.spring.nohttp:nohttp-gradle:0.0.11"
-
-	testImplementation("org.assertj:assertj-core:${assertjVersion}")
-	testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:${junitVersion}"))
-	testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
-	testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 }
 
 gradlePlugin {
 	plugins {
-		architecturePlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.architecture"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitecturePlugin"
-		}
 		conventionsPlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.conventions"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.ConventionsPlugin"
@@ -46,14 +36,6 @@ gradlePlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.localdev"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.dev.LocalDevelopmentPlugin"
 		}
-		multiReleasePlugin {
-			id = "org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar"
-			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.multirelease.MultiReleaseJarPlugin"
-		}
-        repositoriesPlugin {
-            id = "org.springframework.build.repositories"
-            implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.RepositoriesPlugin"
-        }
 		optionalDependenciesPlugin {
 			id = "org.springframework.build.optional-dependencies"
 			implementationClass = "org.springframework.build.optional.OptionalDependenciesPlugin"
@@ -64,9 +46,3 @@ gradlePlugin {
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-test {
-	useJUnitPlatform()
-}
-
-jar.dependsOn check

buildSrc/config/checkstyle/checkstyle.xml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC "-//Checkstyle//DTD Checkstyle Configuration 1.3//EN" "https://checkstyle.org/dtds/configuration_1_3.dtd">
-<module name="Checker">
+<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.Checker">
 
 	<!-- Root Checks -->
 	<module name="io.spring.javaformat.checkstyle.check.SpringHeaderCheck">
@@ -12,15 +12,16 @@
 	<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.NewlineAtEndOfFileCheck"/>
 
 	<!-- TreeWalker Checks -->
-	<module name="TreeWalker">
+	<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.TreeWalker">
 
 		<!-- Imports -->
-		<module name="AvoidStarImport"/>
-		<module name="UnusedImports"/>
-		<module name="RedundantImport"/>
+		<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.imports.UnusedImportsCheck">
+			<property name="processJavadoc" value="true"/>
+		</module>
+
 		<!-- Modifiers -->
 		<module name="com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.modifier.ModifierOrderCheck"/>
 
 	</module>
 
-</module>
+</module>

buildSrc/gradle.properties

@@ -1,4 +1,2 @@
 org.gradle.caching=true
-assertjVersion=3.27.3
 javaFormatVersion=0.0.43
-junitVersion=5.12.2

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/CheckstyleConventions.java

@@ -17,9 +17,6 @@
 package org.springframework.build;
 
 import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -38,7 +35,6 @@ import org.gradle.api.plugins.quality.CheckstylePlugin;
  * {@link Plugin} that applies conventions for checkstyle.
  *
  * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Sam Brannen
  */
 public class CheckstyleConventions {
 
@@ -52,10 +48,9 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 				configureNoHttpPlugin(project);
 			}
 			project.getPlugins().apply(CheckstylePlugin.class);
-			project.getTasks().withType(Checkstyle.class).forEach(checkstyle -> checkstyle.getMaxHeapSize()
-					.set("checkstyleNohttp".equals(checkstyle.getName()) ? "1536m" : "1g"));
+			project.getTasks().withType(Checkstyle.class).forEach(checkstyle -> checkstyle.getMaxHeapSize().set("1g"));
 			CheckstyleExtension checkstyle = project.getExtensions().getByType(CheckstyleExtension.class);
-			checkstyle.setToolVersion("14.1.0");
+			checkstyle.setToolVersion("10.26.1");
 			checkstyle.getConfigDirectory().set(project.getRootProject().file("src/checkstyle"));
 			String version = SpringJavaFormatPlugin.class.getPackage().getImplementationVersion();
 			DependencySet checkstyleDependencies = project.getConfigurations().getByName("checkstyle").getDependencies();
@@ -68,10 +63,8 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 		project.getPlugins().apply(NoHttpPlugin.class);
 		NoHttpExtension noHttp = project.getExtensions().getByType(NoHttpExtension.class);
 		noHttp.setAllowlistFile(project.file("src/nohttp/allowlist.lines"));
-		noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**", "**/.classpath",
-				"**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**", "**/spring-jcl/**", "buildSrc/build/**",
-				".claude/**");
-		excludeGitIgnoredPaths(project, noHttp);
+		noHttp.getSource().exclude("**/test-output/**", "**/.settings/**",
+				"**/.classpath", "**/.project", "**/.gradle/**", "**/node_modules/**", "buildSrc/build/**");
 		List<String> buildFolders = List.of("bin", "build", "out");
 		project.allprojects(subproject -> {
 			Path rootPath = project.getRootDir().toPath();
@@ -83,48 +76,4 @@ public class CheckstyleConventions {
 		});
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Additionally exclude everything matched by the root {@code .gitignore} file,
-	 * so that new ignored paths (build output, IDE metadata, local git worktrees,
-	 * etc.) are automatically kept out of nohttp scanning without having to
-	 * remember to mirror every {@code .gitignore} change here as well.
-	 * <p>Negated patterns (lines starting with {@code !}) are not supported and are
-	 * simply skipped, since there is no useful Ant-glob equivalent for them here.
-	 */
-	private static void excludeGitIgnoredPaths(Project project, NoHttpExtension noHttp) {
-		File gitignore = project.getRootProject().file(".gitignore");
-		if (!gitignore.exists()) {
-			return;
-		}
-		try {
-			for (String line : Files.readAllLines(gitignore.toPath())) {
-				String pattern = line.strip();
-				if (pattern.isEmpty() || pattern.startsWith("#") || pattern.startsWith("!")) {
-					continue;
-				}
-				boolean directoryOnly = pattern.endsWith("/");
-				if (directoryOnly) {
-					pattern = pattern.substring(0, pattern.length() - 1);
-				}
-				// A '/' anywhere but a (now removed) trailing position anchors the
-				// pattern to the repository root; otherwise it matches at any depth.
-				boolean anchored = pattern.contains("/");
-				if (pattern.startsWith("/")) {
-					pattern = pattern.substring(1);
-				}
-				String rootPattern = anchored ? pattern : "**/" + pattern;
-				if (directoryOnly) {
-					noHttp.getSource().exclude(rootPattern + "/**");
-				}
-				else {
-					// The pattern may match either a file or a directory, so exclude both.
-					noHttp.getSource().exclude(rootPattern, rootPattern + "/**");
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		catch (IOException ex) {
-			throw new UncheckedIOException("Failed to read .gitignore for nohttp exclusions", ex);
-		}
-	}
-
 }

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/ConventionsPlugin.java

@@ -21,15 +21,12 @@ import org.gradle.api.Project;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.KotlinBasePlugin;
 
-import org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitecturePlugin;
-
 /**
  * Plugin to apply conventions to projects that are part of Spring Framework's build.
  * Conventions are applied in response to various plugins being applied.
  *
  * <p>When the {@link JavaBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link CheckstyleConventions},
  * {@link TestConventions} and {@link JavaConventions} are applied.
- * The {@link ArchitecturePlugin} plugin is also applied.
  * When the {@link KotlinBasePlugin} is applied, the conventions in {@link KotlinConventions}
  * are applied.
  *
@@ -39,8 +36,6 @@ public class ConventionsPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
 
 	@Override
 	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getExtensions().create("springFramework", SpringFrameworkExtension.class);
-		new ArchitecturePlugin().apply(project);
 		new CheckstyleConventions().apply(project);
 		new JavaConventions().apply(project);
 		new KotlinConventions().apply(project);

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/JavaConventions.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package org.springframework.build;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
 import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaLanguageVersion;
+import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JvmVendorSpec;
 
 /**
  * {@link Plugin} that applies conventions for compiling Java sources in Spring Framework.
@@ -40,21 +42,8 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 
 	private static final List<String> TEST_COMPILER_ARGS;
 
-	/**
-	 * The Java version we should use as the JVM baseline for building the project.
-	 * <p>NOTE: If you update this value, you should also update the value used in
-	 * the {@code javadoc} task in {@code framework-api.gradle}.
-	 */
-	private static final JavaLanguageVersion DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_VERSION = JavaLanguageVersion.of(25);
-
-	/**
-	 * The Java version we should use as the baseline for the compiled bytecode
-	 * (the "-release" compiler argument).
-	 */
-	private static final JavaLanguageVersion DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION = JavaLanguageVersion.of(17);
-
 	static {
-		List<String> commonCompilerArgs = List.of(
+		List<String> commonCompilerArgs = Arrays.asList(
 				"-Xlint:serial", "-Xlint:cast", "-Xlint:classfile", "-Xlint:dep-ann",
 				"-Xlint:divzero", "-Xlint:empty", "-Xlint:finally", "-Xlint:overrides",
 				"-Xlint:path", "-Xlint:processing", "-Xlint:static", "-Xlint:try", "-Xlint:-options",
@@ -62,74 +51,43 @@ public class JavaConventions {
 		);
 		COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
 		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(List.of(
+		COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList(
 				"-Xlint:varargs", "-Xlint:fallthrough", "-Xlint:rawtypes", "-Xlint:deprecation",
 				"-Xlint:unchecked", "-Werror"
 		));
 		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS = new ArrayList<>();
 		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(commonCompilerArgs);
-		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(List.of("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
+		TEST_COMPILER_ARGS.addAll(Arrays.asList("-Xlint:-varargs", "-Xlint:-fallthrough", "-Xlint:-rawtypes",
 				"-Xlint:-deprecation", "-Xlint:-unchecked"));
 	}
 
 	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> {
-			applyToolchainConventions(project);
-			applyJavaCompileConventions(project);
-		});
+		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaBasePlugin.class, javaPlugin -> applyJavaCompileConventions(project));
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Configure the Toolchain support for the project.
-	 * @param project the current project
-	 */
-	private static void applyToolchainConventions(Project project) {
-		project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class).toolchain(toolchain -> {
-			toolchain.getLanguageVersion().set(DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_VERSION);
-		});
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Apply the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
+	 * Applies the common Java compiler options for main sources, test fixture sources, and
 	 * test sources.
 	 * @param project the current project
 	 */
 	private void applyJavaCompileConventions(Project project) {
-		project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
-			p.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-					.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().startsWith(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
-					.forEach(compileTask -> {
-						compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
-						compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-						setJavaRelease(compileTask);
-					});
-			p.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
-					.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().startsWith(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
-							|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
-					.forEach(compileTask -> {
-						compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
-						compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
-						setJavaRelease(compileTask);
-					});
-
+		project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class).toolchain(toolchain -> {
+			toolchain.getVendor().set(JvmVendorSpec.BELLSOFT);
+			toolchain.getLanguageVersion().set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17));
 		});
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * We should pick the {@link #DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION} for all compiled classes,
-	 * unless the current task is compiling multi-release JAR code with a higher version.
-	 */
-	private void setJavaRelease(JavaCompile task) {
-		int defaultVersion = DEFAULT_RELEASE_VERSION.asInt();
-		int releaseVersion = defaultVersion;
-		int compilerVersion = task.getJavaCompiler().get().getMetadata().getLanguageVersion().asInt();
-		for (int version = defaultVersion ; version <= compilerVersion ; version++) {
-			if (task.getName().contains("Java" + version)) {
-				releaseVersion = version;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		task.getOptions().getRelease().set(releaseVersion);
+		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
+				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME))
+				.forEach(compileTask -> {
+					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(COMPILER_ARGS);
+					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
+				});
+		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class)
+				.matching(compileTask -> compileTask.getName().equals(JavaPlugin.COMPILE_TEST_JAVA_TASK_NAME)
+						|| compileTask.getName().equals("compileTestFixturesJava"))
+				.forEach(compileTask -> {
+					compileTask.getOptions().setCompilerArgs(TEST_COMPILER_ARGS);
+					compileTask.getOptions().setEncoding("UTF-8");
+				});
 	}
 
 }

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/KotlinConventions.java

@@ -16,78 +16,33 @@
 
 package org.springframework.build;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
-import org.jetbrains.dokka.gradle.DokkaExtension;
-import org.jetbrains.dokka.gradle.DokkaPlugin;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget;
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinVersion;
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.KotlinJvmOptions;
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile;
 
 /**
  * @author Brian Clozel
- * @author Sebastien Deleuze
  */
 public class KotlinConventions {
 
 	void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withId("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm", plugin -> {
-			project.getTasks().withType(KotlinCompile.class, this::configure);
-			if (project.getLayout().getProjectDirectory().dir("src/main/kotlin").getAsFile().exists()) {
-				project.getPlugins().apply(DokkaPlugin.class);
-				project.getExtensions().configure(DokkaExtension.class, dokka -> configure(project, dokka));
-				project.project(":framework-api").getDependencies().add("dokka", project);
-			}
-		});
+		project.getPlugins().withId("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm",
+				(plugin) -> project.getTasks().withType(KotlinCompile.class, this::configure));
 	}
 
 	private void configure(KotlinCompile compile) {
-		compile.compilerOptions(options -> {
-			options.getApiVersion().set(KotlinVersion.KOTLIN_2_2);
-			options.getLanguageVersion().set(KotlinVersion.KOTLIN_2_2);
-			options.getJvmTarget().set(JvmTarget.JVM_17);
-			options.getJavaParameters().set(true);
-			options.getAllWarningsAsErrors().set(true);
-			options.getFreeCompilerArgs().addAll(
-					"-Xsuppress-version-warnings",
-					"-Xjsr305=strict", // For dependencies using JSR 305
-					"-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn",
-					"-Xjdk-release=17", // Needed due to https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-49746
-					"-Xannotation-default-target=param-property" // Upcoming default, see https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-73255
-			);
-		});
-	}
-
-	private void configure(Project project, DokkaExtension dokka) {
-		dokka.getDokkaSourceSets().forEach(sourceSet -> {
-			sourceSet.getSourceRoots().setFrom(project.file("src/main/kotlin"));
-			sourceSet.getClasspath()
-					.from(project.getExtensions()
-							.getByType(SourceSetContainer.class)
-							.getByName(SourceSet.MAIN_SOURCE_SET_NAME)
-							.getOutput());
-			var externalDocumentationLinks = sourceSet.getExternalDocumentationLinks();
-			var springVersion = project.getVersion();
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("spring-framework", spec -> {
-				spec.url("https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/" + springVersion + "/javadoc-api/");
-				spec.packageListUrl("https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/" + springVersion + "/javadoc-api/element-list");
-			});
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("reactor-core", spec ->
-					spec.url("https://projectreactor.io/docs/core/release/api/"));
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("reactive-streams", spec ->
-					spec.url("https://www.reactive-streams.org/reactive-streams-1.0.3-javadoc/"));
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("kotlinx-coroutines", spec ->
-					spec.url("https://kotlinlang.org/api/kotlinx.coroutines/"));
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("hamcrest", spec ->
-					spec.url("https://javadoc.io/doc/org.hamcrest/hamcrest/2.1/"));
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("jakarta-servlet", spec -> {
-				spec.url("https://javadoc.io/doc/jakarta.servlet/jakarta.servlet-api/latest/");
-				spec.packageListUrl("https://javadoc.io/doc/jakarta.servlet/jakarta.servlet-api/latest/element-list");
-			});
-			externalDocumentationLinks.register("rsocket-core", spec ->
-					spec.url("https://javadoc.io/static/io.rsocket/rsocket-core/1.1.1/"));
-		});
+		KotlinJvmOptions kotlinOptions = compile.getKotlinOptions();
+		kotlinOptions.setApiVersion("1.7");
+		kotlinOptions.setLanguageVersion("1.7");
+		kotlinOptions.setJvmTarget("17");
+		kotlinOptions.setJavaParameters(true);
+		kotlinOptions.setAllWarningsAsErrors(true);
+		List<String> freeCompilerArgs = new ArrayList<>(compile.getKotlinOptions().getFreeCompilerArgs());
+		freeCompilerArgs.addAll(List.of("-Xsuppress-version-warnings", "-Xjsr305=strict", "-opt-in=kotlin.RequiresOptIn"));
+		compile.getKotlinOptions().setFreeCompilerArgs(freeCompilerArgs);
 	}
 
 }

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/RepositoriesPlugin.java

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-
-/**
- * Plugin that configures the OSS, commercial and release train repositories in the build.
- *
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public class RepositoriesPlugin implements Plugin <Project> {
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		configureOssRepositories(project);
-		configureCommercialRepositories(project);
-		configureReleaseTrainRepository(project);
-	}
-
-	private void configureOssRepositories(Project project) {
-		project.getRepositories().mavenCentral();
-		if (project.getVersion().toString().contains("-")) {
-			project.getRepositories().maven(repository -> {
-				repository.setName("spring-oss-milestone");
-				repository.setUrl("https://repo.spring.io/milestone/");
-			});
-		}
-		if (project.getVersion().toString().endsWith("-SNAPSHOT")) {
-			project.getRepositories().maven(repository -> {
-				repository.setName("spring-oss-snapshot");
-				repository.setUrl("https://repo.spring.io/snapshot/");
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void configureCommercialRepositories(Project project) {
-		String releaseRepositoryUrl = getEnv("COMMERCIAL_RELEASE_REPO_URL");
-		if (releaseRepositoryUrl != null) {
-			project.getRepositories().maven((repository) -> {
-				repository.setName("spring-commercial-release");
-				repository.setUrl(releaseRepositoryUrl);
-				repository.credentials((creds) -> {
-					creds.setUsername(System.getenv("COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME"));
-					creds.setPassword(System.getenv("COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD"));
-				});
-			});
-		}
-		String snapshotRepositoryUrl = getEnv("COMMERCIAL_SNAPSHOT_REPO_URL");
-		if (snapshotRepositoryUrl != null && project.getVersion().toString().endsWith("-SNAPSHOT")) {
-			project.getRepositories().maven((repository) -> {
-				repository.setName("spring-commercial-snapshot");
-				repository.setUrl(snapshotRepositoryUrl);
-				repository.credentials((creds) -> {
-					creds.setUsername(System.getenv("COMMERCIAL_REPO_USERNAME"));
-					creds.setPassword(System.getenv("COMMERCIAL_REPO_PASSWORD"));
-				});
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void configureReleaseTrainRepository(Project project) {
-		String releaseTrainRepositoryUrl = getEnv("RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_URL");
-		if (releaseTrainRepositoryUrl != null) {
-			project.getRepositories().maven(repository -> {
-				repository.setName("spring-release-train");
-				repository.setUrl(releaseTrainRepositoryUrl);
-				repository.credentials((creds) -> {
-					creds.setUsername(System.getenv("RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_USERNAME"));
-					creds.setPassword(System.getenv("RELEASE_TRAIN_MAVEN_REPOSITORY_PASSWORD"));
-				});
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the environment variable's value, or {@code null} if it is unset or blank.
-	 */
-	private static String getEnv(String name) {
-		String value = System.getenv(name);
-		return (value != null && !value.isBlank()) ? value : null;
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/SpringFrameworkExtension.java

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build;
-
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.Property;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.process.CommandLineArgumentProvider;
-
-public class SpringFrameworkExtension {
-
-	private final Property<Boolean> enableJavaPreviewFeatures;
-
-	public SpringFrameworkExtension(Project project) {
-		this.enableJavaPreviewFeatures = project.getObjects().property(Boolean.class);
-		project.getTasks().withType(JavaCompile.class).configureEach(javaCompile ->
-				javaCompile.getOptions().getCompilerArgumentProviders().add(asArgumentProvider()));
-		project.getTasks().withType(Test.class).configureEach(test ->
-				test.getJvmArgumentProviders().add(asArgumentProvider()));
-
-	}
-
-	public Property<Boolean> getEnableJavaPreviewFeatures() {
-		return this.enableJavaPreviewFeatures;
-	}
-
-	private CommandLineArgumentProvider asArgumentProvider() {
-		return () -> {
-			if (getEnableJavaPreviewFeatures().getOrElse(false)) {
-				return List.of("--enable-preview");
-			}
-			return Collections.emptyList();
-		};
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/TestConventions.java

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 
 package org.springframework.build;
 
+import java.util.Map;
+
 import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Dependency;
 import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaBasePlugin;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
 import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.TestFrameworkOptions;
@@ -26,16 +26,12 @@ import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformOptions;
 import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryPlugin;
 import org.gradle.testretry.TestRetryTaskExtension;
 
-import java.util.Map;
-
 /**
  * Conventions that are applied in the presence of the {@link JavaBasePlugin}. When the
  * plugin is applied:
  * <ul>
  * <li>The {@link TestRetryPlugin Test Retry} plugin is applied so that flaky tests
  * are retried 3 times when running on the CI server.
- * <li>Common test properties are configured
- * <li>The ByteBuddy Java agent is configured on test tasks.
  * </ul>
  *
  * @author Brian Clozel
@@ -49,7 +45,6 @@ class TestConventions {
 	}
 
 	private void configureTestConventions(Project project) {
-		configureByteBuddyAgent(project);
 		project.getTasks().withType(Test.class,
 				test -> {
 					configureTests(project, test);
@@ -68,10 +63,12 @@ class TestConventions {
 		test.setSystemProperties(Map.of(
 				"java.awt.headless", "true",
 				"io.netty.leakDetection.level", "paranoid",
-				"junit.platform.discovery.issue.severity.critical", "INFO"
+				"io.netty5.leakDetectionLevel", "paranoid",
+				"io.netty5.leakDetection.targetRecords", "32",
+				"io.netty5.buffer.lifecycleTracingEnabled", "true"
 		));
 		if (project.hasProperty("testGroups")) {
-			test.systemProperty("testGroups", project.findProperty("testGroups"));
+			test.systemProperty("testGroups", project.getProperties().get("testGroups"));
 		}
 		test.jvmArgs(
 				"--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
@@ -80,20 +77,6 @@ class TestConventions {
 		);
 	}
 
-	private void configureByteBuddyAgent(Project project) {
-		if (project.hasProperty("byteBuddyVersion")) {
-			String byteBuddyVersion = (String) project.findProperty("byteBuddyVersion");
-			Configuration byteBuddyAgentConfig = project.getConfigurations().create("byteBuddyAgentConfig");
-			byteBuddyAgentConfig.setTransitive(false);
-			Dependency byteBuddyAgent = project.getDependencies().create("net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:" + byteBuddyVersion);
-			byteBuddyAgentConfig.getDependencies().add(byteBuddyAgent);
-			project.afterEvaluate(p -> {
-				p.getTasks().withType(Test.class, test -> test
-						.jvmArgs("-javaagent:" + byteBuddyAgentConfig.getAsPath()));
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
 	private void configureTestRetryPlugin(Project project, Test test) {
 		project.getPlugins().withType(TestRetryPlugin.class, testRetryPlugin -> {
 			TestRetryTaskExtension testRetry = test.getExtensions().getByType(TestRetryTaskExtension.class);

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitectureCheck.java

@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.domain.JavaClasses;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.importer.ClassFileImporter;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.ArchRule;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.EvaluationResult;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
-import java.util.List;
-import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
-import org.gradle.api.GradleException;
-import org.gradle.api.Task;
-import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileTree;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.ListProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.provider.Property;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.IgnoreEmptyDirectories;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.InputFiles;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Internal;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.Optional;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputDirectory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitive;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitivity;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SkipWhenEmpty;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
-
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale;
-import static org.springframework.build.architecture.ArchitectureRules.noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale;
-
-/**
- * {@link Task} that checks for architecture problems.
- *
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- * @author Scott Frederick
- */
-public abstract class ArchitectureCheck extends DefaultTask {
-
-	private FileCollection classes;
-
-	public ArchitectureCheck() {
-		getOutputDirectory().convention(getProject().getLayout().getBuildDirectory().dir(getName()));
-		getProhibitObjectsRequireNonNull().convention(true);
-		getRules().addAll(classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes(),
-				javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations(),
-				allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles(),
-				noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale(),
-				noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale());
-		getRuleDescriptions().set(getRules().map((rules) -> rules.stream().map(ArchRule::getDescription).toList()));
-	}
-
-	@TaskAction
-	void checkArchitecture() throws IOException {
-		JavaClasses javaClasses = new ClassFileImporter()
-				.importPaths(this.classes.getFiles().stream().map(File::toPath).toList());
-		List<EvaluationResult> violations = getRules().get()
-				.stream()
-				.map((rule) -> rule.evaluate(javaClasses))
-				.filter(EvaluationResult::hasViolation)
-				.toList();
-		File outputFile = getOutputDirectory().file("failure-report.txt").get().getAsFile();
-		outputFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
-		if (!violations.isEmpty()) {
-			StringBuilder report = new StringBuilder();
-			for (EvaluationResult violation : violations) {
-				report.append(violation.getFailureReport());
-				report.append(String.format("%n"));
-			}
-			Files.writeString(outputFile.toPath(), report.toString(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE,
-					StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);
-			throw new GradleException("Architecture check failed. See '" + outputFile + "' for details.");
-		}
-		else {
-			outputFile.createNewFile();
-		}
-	}
-
-	public void setClasses(FileCollection classes) {
-		this.classes = classes;
-	}
-
-	@Internal
-	public FileCollection getClasses() {
-		return this.classes;
-	}
-
-	@InputFiles
-	@SkipWhenEmpty
-	@IgnoreEmptyDirectories
-	@PathSensitive(PathSensitivity.RELATIVE)
-	final FileTree getInputClasses() {
-		return this.classes.getAsFileTree();
-	}
-
-	@Optional
-	@InputFiles
-	@PathSensitive(PathSensitivity.RELATIVE)
-	public abstract DirectoryProperty getResourcesDirectory();
-
-	@OutputDirectory
-	public abstract DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory();
-
-	@Internal
-	public abstract ListProperty<ArchRule> getRules();
-
-	@Internal
-	public abstract Property<Boolean> getProhibitObjectsRequireNonNull();
-
-	@Input
-	// The rules themselves can't be an input as they aren't serializable so we use
-	// their descriptions instead
-	abstract ListProperty<String> getRuleDescriptions();
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitecturePlugin.java

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.Task;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.language.base.plugins.LifecycleBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * {@link Plugin} for verifying a project's architecture.
- *
- * @author Andy Wilkinson
- */
-public class ArchitecturePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	@Override
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().withType(JavaPlugin.class, (javaPlugin) -> registerTasks(project));
-	}
-
-	private void registerTasks(Project project) {
-		JavaPluginExtension javaPluginExtension = project.getExtensions().getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class);
-		List<TaskProvider<ArchitectureCheck>> architectureChecks = new ArrayList<>();
-		for (SourceSet sourceSet : javaPluginExtension.getSourceSets()) {
-			if (sourceSet.getName().contains("test")) {
-				// skip test source sets.
-				continue;
-			}
-			TaskProvider<ArchitectureCheck> checkArchitecture = project.getTasks()
-					.register(taskName(sourceSet), ArchitectureCheck.class,
-							(task) -> {
-								task.setClasses(sourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs());
-								task.getResourcesDirectory().set(sourceSet.getOutput().getResourcesDir());
-								task.dependsOn(sourceSet.getProcessResourcesTaskName());
-								task.setDescription("Checks the architecture of the classes of the " + sourceSet.getName()
-										+ " source set.");
-								task.setGroup(LifecycleBasePlugin.VERIFICATION_GROUP);
-							});
-			architectureChecks.add(checkArchitecture);
-		}
-		if (!architectureChecks.isEmpty()) {
-			TaskProvider<Task> checkTask = project.getTasks().named(LifecycleBasePlugin.CHECK_TASK_NAME);
-			checkTask.configure((check) -> check.dependsOn(architectureChecks));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static String taskName(SourceSet sourceSet) {
-		return "checkArchitecture"
-				+ sourceSet.getName().substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
-				+ sourceSet.getName().substring(1);
-	}
-
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/architecture/ArchitectureRules.java

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.architecture;
-
-import com.tngtech.archunit.base.DescribedPredicate;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.core.domain.JavaClass;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.ArchRule;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.lang.syntax.ArchRuleDefinition;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SliceAssignment;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SliceIdentifier;
-import com.tngtech.archunit.library.dependencies.SlicesRuleDefinition;
-import java.util.List;
-
-abstract class ArchitectureRules {
-
-	static ArchRule allPackagesShouldBeFreeOfTangles() {
-		return SlicesRuleDefinition.slices()
-				.assignedFrom(new SpringSlices()).should().beFreeOfCycles();
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule noClassesShouldCallStringToLowerCaseWithoutLocale() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should()
-				.callMethod(String.class, "toLowerCase")
-				.because("String.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) should be used instead");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule noClassesShouldCallStringToUpperCaseWithoutLocale() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should()
-				.callMethod(String.class, "toUpperCase")
-				.because("String.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT) should be used instead");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule classesShouldNotImportForbiddenTypes() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.should().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("reactor.core.support.Assert")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.slf4j.LoggerFactory")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.springframework.lang.NonNull")
-				.orShould().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.haveFullyQualifiedName("org.springframework.lang.Nullable");
-	}
-
-	static ArchRule javaClassesShouldNotImportKotlinAnnotations() {
-		return ArchRuleDefinition.noClasses()
-				.that(new DescribedPredicate<JavaClass>("is not a Kotlin class") {
-						  @Override
-						  public boolean test(JavaClass javaClass) {
-							  return javaClass.getSourceCodeLocation()
-									  .getSourceFileName().endsWith(".java");
-						  }
-					  }
-				)
-				.should().dependOnClassesThat()
-				.resideInAnyPackage("org.jetbrains.annotations..")
-				.allowEmptyShould(true);
-	}
-
-	static class SpringSlices implements SliceAssignment {
-
-		private final List<String> ignoredPackages = List.of("org.springframework.asm",
-				"org.springframework.cglib",
-				"org.springframework.javapoet",
-				"org.springframework.objenesis");
-
-		@Override
-		public SliceIdentifier getIdentifierOf(JavaClass javaClass) {
-
-			String packageName = javaClass.getPackageName();
-			for (String ignoredPackage : ignoredPackages) {
-				if (packageName.startsWith(ignoredPackage)) {
-					return SliceIdentifier.ignore();
-				}
-			}
-			return SliceIdentifier.of("spring framework");
-		}
-
-		@Override
-		public String getDescription() {
-			return "Spring Framework Slices";
-		}
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseExtension.java

@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import javax.inject.Inject;
-
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ConfigurationContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.DependencyHandler;
-import org.gradle.api.attributes.LibraryElements;
-import org.gradle.api.file.ConfigurableFileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.file.FileCollection;
-import org.gradle.api.java.archives.Attributes;
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.Jar;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.JavaCompile;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.Test;
-import org.gradle.language.base.plugins.LifecycleBasePlugin;
-
-/**
- * @author Cedric Champeau
- * @author Brian Clozel
- */
-public abstract class MultiReleaseExtension {
-	private final TaskContainer tasks;
-	private final SourceSetContainer sourceSets;
-	private final DependencyHandler dependencies;
-	private final ObjectFactory objects;
-	private final ConfigurationContainer configurations;
-
-	@Inject
-	public MultiReleaseExtension(SourceSetContainer sourceSets,
-								 ConfigurationContainer configurations,
-								 TaskContainer tasks,
-								 DependencyHandler dependencies,
-								 ObjectFactory objectFactory) {
-		this.sourceSets = sourceSets;
-		this.configurations = configurations;
-		this.tasks = tasks;
-		this.dependencies = dependencies;
-		this.objects = objectFactory;
-	}
-
-	public void releaseVersions(int... javaVersions) {
-		releaseVersions("src/main/", "src/test/", javaVersions);
-	}
-
-	private void releaseVersions(String mainSourceDirectory, String testSourceDirectory, int... javaVersions) {
-		for (int javaVersion : javaVersions) {
-			addLanguageVersion(javaVersion, mainSourceDirectory, testSourceDirectory);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void addLanguageVersion(int javaVersion, String mainSourceDirectory, String testSourceDirectory) {
-		String javaN = "java" + javaVersion;
-
-		SourceSet langSourceSet = sourceSets.create(javaN, srcSet -> srcSet.getJava().srcDir(mainSourceDirectory + javaN));
-		SourceSet testSourceSet = sourceSets.create(javaN + "Test", srcSet -> srcSet.getJava().srcDir(testSourceDirectory + javaN));
-		SourceSet sharedSourceSet = sourceSets.findByName(SourceSet.MAIN_SOURCE_SET_NAME);
-		SourceSet sharedTestSourceSet = sourceSets.findByName(SourceSet.TEST_SOURCE_SET_NAME);
-
-		FileCollection mainClasses = objects.fileCollection().from(sourceSets.getByName(SourceSet.MAIN_SOURCE_SET_NAME).getOutput().getClassesDirs());
-		dependencies.add(javaN + "Implementation", mainClasses);
-
-		tasks.named(langSourceSet.getCompileJavaTaskName(), JavaCompile.class, task ->
-				task.getOptions().getRelease().set(javaVersion)
-		);
-		tasks.named(testSourceSet.getCompileJavaTaskName(), JavaCompile.class, task ->
-				task.getOptions().getRelease().set(javaVersion)
-		);
-
-		TaskProvider<Test> testTask = createTestTask(javaVersion, testSourceSet, sharedTestSourceSet, langSourceSet, sharedSourceSet);
-		tasks.named("check", task -> task.dependsOn(testTask));
-
-		configureMultiReleaseJar(javaVersion, langSourceSet);
-	}
-
-	private TaskProvider<Test> createTestTask(int javaVersion, SourceSet testSourceSet, SourceSet sharedTestSourceSet, SourceSet langSourceSet, SourceSet sharedSourceSet) {
-		Configuration testImplementation = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getImplementationConfigurationName());
-		testImplementation.extendsFrom(configurations.getByName(sharedTestSourceSet.getImplementationConfigurationName()));
-		Configuration testCompileOnly = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getCompileOnlyConfigurationName());
-		testCompileOnly.extendsFrom(configurations.getByName(sharedTestSourceSet.getCompileOnlyConfigurationName()));
-		testCompileOnly.getDependencies().add(dependencies.create(langSourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs()));
-		testCompileOnly.getDependencies().add(dependencies.create(sharedSourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDirs()));
-
-		Configuration testRuntimeClasspath = configurations.getByName(testSourceSet.getRuntimeClasspathConfigurationName());
-		// so here's the deal. MRjars are JARs! Which means that to execute tests, we need
-		// the JAR on classpath, not just classes + resources as Gradle usually does
-		testRuntimeClasspath.getAttributes()
-				.attribute(LibraryElements.LIBRARY_ELEMENTS_ATTRIBUTE, objects.named(LibraryElements.class, LibraryElements.JAR));
-
-		TaskProvider<Test> testTask = tasks.register("java" + javaVersion + "Test", Test.class, test -> {
-			test.setGroup(LifecycleBasePlugin.VERIFICATION_GROUP);
-
-			ConfigurableFileCollection testClassesDirs = objects.fileCollection();
-			testClassesDirs.from(testSourceSet.getOutput());
-			testClassesDirs.from(sharedTestSourceSet.getOutput());
-			test.setTestClassesDirs(testClassesDirs);
-			ConfigurableFileCollection classpath = objects.fileCollection();
-			// must put the MRJar first on classpath
-			classpath.from(tasks.named("jar"));
-			// then we put the specific test sourceset tests, so that we can override
-			// the shared versions
-			classpath.from(testSourceSet.getOutput());
-
-			// then we add the shared tests
-			classpath.from(sharedTestSourceSet.getRuntimeClasspath());
-			test.setClasspath(classpath);
-		});
-		return testTask;
-	}
-
-	private void configureMultiReleaseJar(int version, SourceSet languageSourceSet) {
-		tasks.named("jar", Jar.class, jar -> {
-			jar.into("META-INF/versions/" + version, s -> s.from(languageSourceSet.getOutput()));
-			Attributes attributes = jar.getManifest().getAttributes();
-			attributes.put("Multi-Release", "true");
-		});
-	}
-
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseJarPlugin.java

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import javax.inject.Inject;
-
-import org.gradle.api.JavaVersion;
-import org.gradle.api.Plugin;
-import org.gradle.api.Project;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.ConfigurationContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.DependencyHandler;
-import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.ExtensionContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPlugin;
-import org.gradle.api.plugins.JavaPluginExtension;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskContainer;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskProvider;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.bundling.AbstractArchiveTask;
-import org.gradle.jvm.tasks.Jar;
-import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaLanguageVersion;
-import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaToolchainService;
-
-/**
- * A plugin which adds support for building multi-release jars
- * with Gradle.
- * @author Cedric Champeau
- * @author Brian Clozel
- * @see <a href="https://github.com/melix/mrjar-gradle-plugin">original project</a>
- */
-public class MultiReleaseJarPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
-
-	public static String VALIDATE_JAR_TASK_NAME = "validateMultiReleaseJar";
-
-	@Inject
-	protected JavaToolchainService getToolchains() {
-		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
-	}
-
-	public void apply(Project project) {
-		project.getPlugins().apply(JavaPlugin.class);
-		ExtensionContainer extensions = project.getExtensions();
-		JavaPluginExtension javaPluginExtension = extensions.getByType(JavaPluginExtension.class);
-		ConfigurationContainer configurations = project.getConfigurations();
-		TaskContainer tasks = project.getTasks();
-		DependencyHandler dependencies = project.getDependencies();
-		ObjectFactory objects = project.getObjects();
-		extensions.create("multiRelease", MultiReleaseExtension.class,
-				javaPluginExtension.getSourceSets(),
-				configurations,
-				tasks,
-				dependencies,
-				objects);
-
-		if (JavaVersion.current().isCompatibleWith(JavaVersion.VERSION_25)) {
-			TaskProvider<MultiReleaseJarValidateTask> validateJarTask = tasks.register(VALIDATE_JAR_TASK_NAME, MultiReleaseJarValidateTask.class, (task) -> {
-				task.getJar().set(tasks.named("jar", Jar.class).flatMap(AbstractArchiveTask::getArchiveFile));
-				task.getJavaLauncher().set(task.getJavaToolchainService().launcherFor(spec -> spec.getLanguageVersion().set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(25))));
-			});
-			tasks.named("check", task -> task.dependsOn(validateJarTask));
-		}
-	}
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseJarValidateTask.java

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import org.gradle.api.file.RegularFileProperty;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.CacheableTask;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.InputFile;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.JavaExec;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitive;
-import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitivity;
-import org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaToolchainService;
-
-import java.util.List;
-
-import javax.inject.Inject;
-
-@CacheableTask
-public abstract class MultiReleaseJarValidateTask extends JavaExec {
-
-
-	public MultiReleaseJarValidateTask() {
-		getMainModule().set("jdk.jartool");
-		getArgumentProviders().add(() -> List.of("--validate", "--file", getJar().get().getAsFile().getAbsolutePath()));
-	}
-
-	@Inject
-	protected abstract JavaToolchainService getJavaToolchainService();
-
-	@InputFile
-	@PathSensitive(PathSensitivity.RELATIVE)
-	public abstract RegularFileProperty getJar();
-
-}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/springframework/build/shadow/ShadowSource.java

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class ShadowSource extends DefaultTask {
 	}
 
 	@OutputDirectory
-	public DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory() {
+	DirectoryProperty getOutputDirectory() {
 		return this.outputDirectory;
 	}
 

buildSrc/src/test/java/org/springframework/build/multirelease/MultiReleaseJarPluginTests.java

@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2002-present the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.build.multirelease;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.util.jar.Attributes;
-import java.util.jar.JarFile;
-import org.gradle.testkit.runner.BuildResult;
-import org.gradle.testkit.runner.GradleRunner;
-import org.gradle.testkit.runner.UnexpectedBuildFailure;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.DisabledForJreRange;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.JRE;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
-
-/**
- * Tests for {@link MultiReleaseJarPlugin}
- */
-public class MultiReleaseJarPluginTests {
-
-	private File projectDir;
-
-	private File buildFile;
-
-	private File propertiesFile;
-
-	@BeforeEach
-	void setup(@TempDir File projectDir) {
-		this.projectDir = projectDir;
-		this.buildFile = new File(this.projectDir, "build.gradle");
-		this.propertiesFile = new File(this.projectDir, "gradle.properties");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void configureSourceSets() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 21, 24 }
-				task printSourceSets {
-					doLast {
-						sourceSets.all { println it.name }
-					}
-				}
-				""");
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("printSourceSets");
-		assertThat(buildResult.getOutput()).contains("main", "test", "java21", "java21Test", "java24", "java24Test");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void configureToolchainReleaseVersion() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 21 }
-				task printReleaseVersion {
-					doLast {
-						tasks.all { println it.name }
-						tasks.named("compileJava21Java") {
-							println "compileJava21Java releaseVersion: ${it.options.release.get()}"
-						}
-						tasks.named("compileJava21TestJava") {
-							println "compileJava21TestJava releaseVersion: ${it.options.release.get()}"
-						}
-					}
-				}
-				""");
-
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("printReleaseVersion");
-		assertThat(buildResult.getOutput()).contains("compileJava21Java releaseVersion: 21")
-				.contains("compileJava21TestJava releaseVersion: 21");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void packageInJar() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				version = '1.2.3'
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 17 }
-				""");
-		writeClass("src/main/java17", "Main.java", """
-				public class Main {}
-				""");
-		BuildResult buildResult = runGradle("assemble");
-		File file = new File(this.projectDir, "/build/libs/" + this.projectDir.getName() + "-1.2.3.jar");
-		assertThat(file).exists();
-		try (JarFile jar = new JarFile(file)) {
-			Attributes mainAttributes = jar.getManifest().getMainAttributes();
-			assertThat(mainAttributes.getValue("Multi-Release")).isEqualTo("true");
-
-			assertThat(jar.entries().asIterator()).toIterable()
-					.anyMatch(entry -> entry.getName().equals("META-INF/versions/17/Main.class"));
-		}
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	@DisabledForJreRange(max = JRE.JAVA_24, disabledReason = "'jar --validate' is available as of Java 25")
-	void validateJar() throws IOException {
-		writeBuildFile("""
-				plugins {
-					id 'java'
-					id 'org.springframework.build.multiReleaseJar'
-				}
-				version = '1.2.3'
-				tasks.withType(JavaCompile).configureEach {
-					options.release = 11
-				}
-				multiRelease { releaseVersions 17 }
-				""");
-		writeGradleProperties("""
-				org.gradle.jvmargs=-Duser.language=en
-				""");
-		writeClass("src/main/java17", "Main.java", """
-				public class Main {
-				
-					public void method() {}
-				
-				}
-				""");
-		writeClass("src/main/java", "Main.java", """
-				public class Main {}
-				""");
-		assertThatThrownBy(() ->runGradle("validateMultiReleaseJar"))
-				.isInstanceOf(UnexpectedBuildFailure.class)
-				.hasMessageContaining("entry: META-INF/versions/17/Main.class, contains a class with different api from earlier version");
-	}
-
-	private void writeBuildFile(String buildContent) throws IOException {
-		try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(this.buildFile))) {
-			out.print(buildContent);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void writeGradleProperties(String properties) throws IOException {
-		try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(this.propertiesFile))) {
-			out.print(properties);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void writeClass(String path, String fileName, String fileContent) throws IOException {
-		Path folder = this.projectDir.toPath().resolve(path);
-		Files.createDirectories(folder);
-		Path filePath = folder.resolve(fileName);
-		Files.createFile(filePath);
-		Files.writeString(filePath, fileContent);
-	}
-
-	private BuildResult runGradle(String... args) {
-		return GradleRunner.create().withProjectDir(this.projectDir).withArguments(args).withPluginClasspath().build();
-	}
-
-}

framework-api/framework-api.gradle

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 plugins {
 	id 'java-platform'
 	id 'io.freefair.aggregate-javadoc' version '8.13.1'
-	id 'org.jetbrains.dokka'
 }
 
 description = "Spring Framework API Docs"
@@ -15,17 +14,12 @@ repositories {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-	rootProject.ext.moduleProjects.each { moduleProject ->
-		javadoc project(moduleProject.path)
+	moduleProjects.each { moduleProject ->
+		javadoc moduleProject
 	}
 }
 
-def springAspectsOutput = project(":spring-aspects").sourceSets.main.output
 javadoc {
-	javadocTool.set(javaToolchains.javadocToolFor({
-		languageVersion = JavaLanguageVersion.of(25)
-	}))
-
 	title = "${rootProject.description} ${version} API"
 	failOnError = true
 	options {
@@ -40,35 +34,35 @@ javadoc {
 		links(rootProject.ext.javadocLinks)
 		// Check for 'syntax' and 'reference' during linting.
 		addBooleanOption('Xdoclint:syntax,reference', true)
-		// Change modularity mismatch from warn to info.
-		// See https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/27497
-		addStringOption("-link-modularity-mismatch", "info")
-		// Fail build on Javadoc warnings.
-		addBooleanOption('Werror', true)
+		addBooleanOption('Werror', true)  // fail build on Javadoc warnings
 	}
 	maxMemory = "1024m"
 	doFirst {
 		classpath += files(
-			// ensure the javadoc process can resolve types compiled from .aj sources
-			springAspectsOutput
+				// ensure the javadoc process can resolve types compiled from .aj sources
+				project(":spring-aspects").sourceSets.main.output
 		)
-		classpath += files(rootProject.ext.moduleProjects.collect { it.sourceSets.main.compileClasspath })
+		classpath += files(moduleProjects.collect { it.sourceSets.main.compileClasspath })
 	}
 }
 
-dokka {
-	moduleName = "spring-framework"
-	dokkaPublications.html {
-		outputDirectory = project.java.docsDir.dir("kdoc-api")
-		includes.from("$rootProject.rootDir/framework-docs/src/docs/api/dokka-overview.md")
+/**
+ * Produce KDoc for all Spring Framework modules in "build/docs/kdoc"
+ */
+rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.configure {
+	dependsOn {
+		tasks.named("javadoc")
 	}
+	moduleName.set("spring-framework")
+	outputDirectory.set(project.java.docsDir.dir("kdoc-api").get().asFile)
+	includes.from("$rootProject.rootDir/framework-docs/src/docs/api/dokka-overview.md")
 }
 
 /**
  * Zip all Java docs (javadoc & kdoc) into a single archive
  */
 tasks.register('docsZip', Zip) {
-	dependsOn = ['javadoc', 'dokkaGenerate']
+	dependsOn = ['javadoc', rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule]
 	group = "distribution"
 	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing api and reference " +
 			"for deployment at https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/."
@@ -81,7 +75,7 @@ tasks.register('docsZip', Zip) {
 	from(javadoc) {
 		into "javadoc-api"
 	}
-	from(project.java.docsDir.dir("kdoc-api")) {
+	from(rootProject.tasks.dokkaHtmlMultiModule.outputDirectory) {
 		into "kdoc-api"
 	}
 }
@@ -96,7 +90,7 @@ tasks.register('schemaZip', Zip) {
 	description = "Builds -${archiveClassifier} archive containing all " +
 			"XSDs for deployment at https://springframework.org/schema."
 	duplicatesStrategy = DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
-	rootProject.ext.moduleProjects.each { module ->
+	moduleProjects.each { module ->
 		def Properties schemas = new Properties();
 
 		module.sourceSets.main.resources.find {

framework-bom/framework-bom.gradle

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ group = "org.springframework"
 dependencies {
 	constraints {
 		parent.moduleProjects.sort { "$it.name" }.each {
-			api project(it.path)
+			api it
 		}
 	}
 }

framework-docs/antora.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ asciidoc:
     spring-org: 'spring-projects'
     spring-github-org: "https://github.com/{spring-org}"
     spring-framework-github: "https://github.com/{spring-org}/spring-framework"
-    spring-framework-code: '{spring-framework-github}/tree/7.0.x'
+    spring-framework-code: '{spring-framework-github}/tree/main'
     spring-framework-issues: '{spring-framework-github}/issues'
     spring-framework-wiki: '{spring-framework-github}/wiki'
     # Docs

framework-docs/framework-docs.gradle

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompilationTask
-
 plugins {
 	id 'kotlin'
 	id 'io.spring.antora.generate-antora-yml' version '0.0.1'
@@ -15,8 +12,8 @@ apply from: "${rootDir}/gradle/publications.gradle"
 antora {
 	options = [clean: true, fetch: !project.gradle.startParameter.offline, stacktrace: true]
 	environment = [
-		'BUILD_REFNAME': 'HEAD',
-		'BUILD_VERSION': project.version,
+			'BUILD_REFNAME': 'HEAD',
+			'BUILD_VERSION': project.version,
 	]
 }
 
@@ -48,16 +45,6 @@ repositories {
 	}
 }
 
-// To avoid a redeclaration error with Kotlin compiler and set the JVM target
-tasks.withType(KotlinCompilationTask.class).configureEach {
-	javaSources.from = []
-	compilerOptions.jvmTarget = JvmTarget.JVM_17
-	compilerOptions.freeCompilerArgs.addAll(
-		"-Xjdk-release=17", // Needed due to https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-49746
-		"-Xannotation-default-target=param-property" // Upcoming default, see https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-73255
-	)
-}
-
 dependencies {
 	implementation(project(":spring-aspects"))
 	implementation(project(":spring-context"))
@@ -71,10 +58,10 @@ dependencies {
 	implementation(project(":spring-webmvc"))
 	implementation(project(":spring-websocket"))
 
-	implementation("com.github.ben-manes.caffeine:caffeine")
+	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
+	implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names")
 	implementation("com.mchange:c3p0:0.9.5.5")
 	implementation("com.oracle.database.jdbc:ojdbc11")
-	implementation("io.micrometer:context-propagation")
 	implementation("io.projectreactor.netty:reactor-netty-http")
 	implementation("jakarta.jms:jakarta.jms-api")
 	implementation("jakarta.servlet:jakarta.servlet-api")
@@ -84,15 +71,9 @@ dependencies {
 	implementation("javax.cache:cache-api")
 	implementation("org.apache.activemq:activemq-ra:6.1.2")
 	implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-dbcp2:2.11.0")
-	implementation("org.apache.groovy:groovy-templates")
 	implementation("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver")
 	implementation("org.assertj:assertj-core")
 	implementation("org.eclipse.jetty.websocket:jetty-websocket-jetty-api")
-	implementation("org.freemarker:freemarker")
 	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib")
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core")
-	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-reactor")
 	implementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
-	implementation("tools.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
-	implementation("tools.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-xml")
 }

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/assets/images/mvc-context-hierarchy.svg

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
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    id="svg5499"
    version="1.1"
-   font-family="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"
    inkscape:version="0.91 r13725"
    sodipodi:docname="mvc-splitted-contexts.svg"
    style="font-size:12px;overflow:visible;color-interpolation-filters:sRGB;fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-linecap:square;stroke-miterlimit:3"
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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        inkscape:isstock="true"
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@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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-         style="fill-rule:evenodd;stroke-width:0.625;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke:#333333;stroke-opacity:1;fill:#333333;fill-opacity:1"
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+         style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:11.53426838px;font-family:sans-serif;-inkscape-font-specification:sans-serif;text-align:center;text-anchor:middle"
          id="tspan4965">Delegates if no bean found</tspan></text>
 </g></svg>

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/nav.adoc

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 **** xref:core/beans/java/bean-annotation.adoc[]
 **** xref:core/beans/java/configuration-annotation.adoc[]
 **** xref:core/beans/java/composing-configuration-classes.adoc[]
-**** xref:core/beans/java/programmatic-bean-registration.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/environment.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/context-load-time-weaver.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/beans/context-introduction.adoc[]
@@ -40,8 +39,8 @@
 ** xref:core/resources.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/validation.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/validation/validator.adoc[]
-*** xref:core/validation/data-binding.adoc[]
-*** xref:core/validation/error-code-resolution.adoc[]
+*** xref:core/validation/beans-beans.adoc[]
+*** xref:core/validation/conversion.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/validation/convert.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/validation/format.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/validation/format-configuring-formatting-globaldatetimeformat.adoc[]
@@ -100,9 +99,9 @@
 *** xref:core/aop-api/autoproxy.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/aop-api/targetsource.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/aop-api/extensibility.adoc[]
-** xref:core/resilience.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/null-safety.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc[]
+** xref:core/spring-jcl.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/aot.adoc[]
 ** xref:core/appendix.adoc[]
 *** xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[]
@@ -162,6 +161,7 @@
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/exceptionhandlers.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/viewresolver.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/localeresolver.adoc[]
+**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/themeresolver.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/multipart.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-servlet/logging.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/filters.adoc[]
@@ -197,10 +197,7 @@
 *** xref:web/webmvc-functional.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-uri-building.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-ann-async.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-range.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-data-binding.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc-cors.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webmvc-versioning.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-ann-rest-exceptions.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-security.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-caching.adoc[]
@@ -229,7 +226,6 @@
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/static-resources.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/default-servlet-handler.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/path-matching.adoc[]
-**** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/api-version.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/advanced-java.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-config/advanced-xml.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webmvc/mvc-http2.adoc[]
@@ -262,6 +258,7 @@
 **** xref:web/websocket/stomp/configuration-performance.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/websocket/stomp/stats.adoc[]
 **** xref:web/websocket/stomp/testing.adoc[]
+** xref:web/integration.adoc[]
 * xref:web-reactive.adoc[]
 ** xref:web/webflux.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux/new-framework.adoc[]
@@ -295,10 +292,7 @@
 **** xref:web/webflux/controller/ann-advice.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux-functional.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux/uri-building.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webflux/range.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webflux/data-binding.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux-cors.adoc[]
-*** xref:web/webflux-versioning.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux/ann-rest-exceptions.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux/security.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux/caching.adoc[]
@@ -315,7 +309,7 @@
 *** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-context.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-synchronous.adoc[]
 *** xref:web/webflux-webclient/client-testing.adoc[]
-** xref:web/webflux-http-service-client.adoc[]
+** xref:web/webflux-http-interface-client.adoc[]
 ** xref:web/webflux-websocket.adoc[]
 ** xref:web/webflux-test.adoc[]
 ** xref:rsocket.adoc[]
@@ -335,7 +329,6 @@
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/javaconfig.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/xml.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/groovy.adoc[]
-**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/default-config.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/mixed-config.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-customizers.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/initializers.adoc[]
@@ -346,7 +339,6 @@
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/web.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/web-mocks.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[]
-**** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-pausing.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/failure-threshold.adoc[]
 **** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/hierarchies.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/fixture-di.adoc[]
@@ -358,7 +350,6 @@
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/support-classes.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/testcontext-framework/aot.adoc[]
 ** xref:testing/webtestclient.adoc[]
-** xref:testing/resttestclient.adoc[]
 ** xref:testing/mockmvc.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/mockmvc/overview.adoc[]
 *** xref:testing/mockmvc/setup-options.adoc[]
@@ -442,8 +433,8 @@
 *** xref:integration/cache/plug.adoc[]
 *** xref:integration/cache/specific-config.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/observability.adoc[]
-** xref:integration/aot-cache.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/checkpoint-restore.adoc[]
+** xref:integration/cds.adoc[]
 ** xref:integration/appendix.adoc[]
 * xref:languages.adoc[]
 ** xref:languages/kotlin.adoc[]
@@ -452,13 +443,14 @@
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/classes-interfaces.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/annotations.adoc[]
-*** xref:languages/kotlin/bean-registration-dsl.adoc[]
+*** xref:languages/kotlin/bean-definition-dsl.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/web.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/coroutines.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/spring-projects-in.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/getting-started.adoc[]
 *** xref:languages/kotlin/resources.adoc[]
 ** xref:languages/groovy.adoc[]
+** xref:languages/dynamic.adoc[]
 * xref:appendix.adoc[]
 * {spring-framework-docs-root}/{spring-version}/javadoc-api/[Java API,window=_blank, role=link-external]
 * {spring-framework-api-kdoc}/[Kotlin API,window=_blank, role=link-external]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/appendix.adoc

@@ -74,12 +74,6 @@ expressions used in XML bean definitions, `@Value`, etc.
 | The mode to use when compiling expressions for the
 xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-compiler-configuration[Spring Expression Language].
 
-| `spring.expression.maxBigPowerBits`
-| The default maximum number of bits permitted in the result of a `BigDecimal` or
-`BigInteger` power operation within a
-xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-parser-configuration[Spring Expression Language]
-expression.
-
 | `spring.expression.maxOperations`
 | The default maximum number of operations permitted during
 xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-parser-configuration[Spring Expression Language]
@@ -92,11 +86,6 @@ resolvable otherwise. See
 {spring-framework-api}++/core/env/AbstractEnvironment.html#IGNORE_GETENV_PROPERTY_NAME++[`AbstractEnvironment`]
 for details.
 
-| `spring.http.response.flush.enabled`
-| Configures the Spring MVC `ServletServerHttpResponse` to allow flushing on the `OutputStream`
-returned by `ServletServerHttpResponse#getBody()`. By default, such flush calls are ignored and
-only `ServletServerHttpResponse#flush()` will actually flush the response to the network.
-
 | `spring.jdbc.getParameterType.ignore`
 | Instructs Spring to ignore `java.sql.ParameterMetaData.getParameterType` completely.
 See the note in xref:data-access/jdbc/advanced.adoc#jdbc-batch-list[Batch Operations with a List of Objects].
@@ -140,20 +129,11 @@ on a test class. See xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#int
 | The maximum size of the context cache in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
 xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/caching.adoc[Context Caching].
 
-| `spring.test.context.cache.pause`
-| The pause mode for the context cache in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
-xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/context-pausing.adoc[Context Pausing].
-
 | `spring.test.context.failure.threshold`
 | The failure threshold for errors encountered while attempting to load an `ApplicationContext`
 in the _Spring TestContext Framework_. See
 xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/failure-threshold.adoc[Context Failure Threshold].
 
-| `spring.test.extension.context.scope`
-| The default _extension context scope_ used by the `SpringExtension` in `@Nested` test
-class hierarchies. See
-xref:testing/annotations/integration-junit-jupiter.adoc#integration-testing-annotations-springextensionconfig[`@SpringExtensionConfig`].
-
 | `spring.test.enclosing.configuration`
 | The default _enclosing configuration inheritance mode_ to use if
 `@NestedTestConfiguration` is not present on a test class. See

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop-api/pfb.adoc

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ In common with most `FactoryBean` implementations provided with Spring, the
 `ProxyFactoryBean` class is itself a JavaBean. Its properties are used to:
 
 * Specify the target you want to proxy.
-* Specify whether to use CGLIB (described later and see also <<aop-pfb-proxy-types,JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies>>).
+* Specify whether to use CGLIB (described later and see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
 
 Some key properties are inherited from `org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyConfig`
 (the superclass for all AOP proxy factories in Spring). These key properties include
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ the following:
 
 * `proxyTargetClass`: `true` if the target class is to be proxied, rather than the
   target class's interfaces. If this property value is set to `true`, then CGLIB proxies
-  are created (but see also <<aop-pfb-proxy-types,JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies>>).
+  are created (but see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
 * `optimize`: Controls whether or not aggressive optimizations are applied to proxies
   created through CGLIB. You should not blithely use this setting unless you fully
   understand how the relevant AOP proxy handles optimization. This is currently used
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ the following:
 Other properties specific to `ProxyFactoryBean` include the following:
 
 * `proxyInterfaces`: An array of `String` interface names. If this is not supplied, a CGLIB
-  proxy for the target class is used (but see also <<aop-pfb-proxy-types,JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies>>).
+  proxy for the target class is used (but see also xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-pfb-proxy-types[JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies]).
 * `interceptorNames`: A `String` array of `Advisor`, interceptor, or other advice names to
   apply. Ordering is significant, on a first come-first served basis. That is to say
   that the first interceptor in the list is the first to be able to intercept the
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ factories. You cannot mention bean references here, since doing so results in th
 +
 You can append an interceptor name with an asterisk (`*`). Doing so results in the
 application of all advisor beans with names that start with the part before the asterisk
-to be applied. You can find an example of using this feature in <<aop-global-advisors,Using "`Global`" Advisors>>.
+to be applied. You can find an example of using this feature in xref:core/aop-api/pfb.adoc#aop-global-advisors[Using "`Global`" Advisors].
 
 * singleton: Whether or not the factory should return a single object, no matter how
   often the `getObject()` method is called. Several `FactoryBean` implementations offer

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop-api/targetsource.adoc

@@ -87,12 +87,14 @@ A crucial difference between Spring pooling and SLSB pooling is that Spring pool
 be applied to any POJO. As with Spring in general, this service can be applied in a
 non-invasive way.
 
-Spring provides support for Commons Pool 2, which provides a
+Spring provides support for Commons Pool 2.2, which provides a
 fairly efficient pooling implementation. You need the `commons-pool` Jar on your
 application's classpath to use this feature. You can also subclass
 `org.springframework.aop.target.AbstractPoolingTargetSource` to support any other
 pooling API.
 
+NOTE: Commons Pool 1.5+ is also supported but is deprecated as of Spring Framework 4.2.
+
 The following listing shows an example configuration:
 
 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc

@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ execution-only semantics. You only need to be aware of this difference if you co
 `@AspectJ` aspects written for Spring and use `proceed` with arguments with the AspectJ
 compiler and weaver. There is a way to write such aspects that is 100% compatible across
 both Spring AOP and AspectJ, and this is discussed in the
-<<aop-ataspectj-advice-proceeding-with-the-call,following section on advice parameters>>.
+xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-proceeding-with-the-call[following section on advice parameters].
 ====
 
 The value returned by the around advice is the return value seen by the caller of the
@@ -722,12 +722,12 @@ of determining parameter names, an exception will be thrown.
 
 `AspectJAnnotationParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses parameter names that have been explicitly
   specified by the user via the `argNames` attribute in the corresponding advice or
-  pointcut annotation. See <<aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names-explicit,Explicit Argument Names>> for details.
+  pointcut annotation. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/advice.adoc#aop-ataspectj-advice-params-names-explicit[Explicit Argument Names] for details.
 `KotlinReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses Kotlin reflection APIs to determine
   parameter names. This discoverer is only used if such APIs are present on the classpath.
 `StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Uses the standard `java.lang.reflect.Parameter`
   API to determine parameter names. Requires that code be compiled with the `-parameters`
-  flag for `javac`. Recommended approach.
+  flag for `javac`. Recommended approach on Java 8+.
 `AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer` :: Deduces parameter names from the pointcut
   expression, `returning`, and `throwing` clauses. See the
   {spring-framework-api}/aop/aspectj/AspectJAdviceParameterNameDiscoverer.html[javadoc]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop/proxying.adoc

@@ -28,10 +28,6 @@ you can do so. However, you should consider the following issues:
   deploying on the module path. Such cases require a JVM bootstrap flag
   `--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED` which is not available for modules.
 
-
-[[aop-forcing-proxy-types]]
-== Forcing Specific AOP Proxy Types
-
 To force the use of CGLIB proxies, set the value of the `proxy-target-class` attribute
 of the `<aop:config>` element to true, as follows:
 
@@ -64,24 +60,6 @@ To be clear, using `proxy-target-class="true"` on `<tx:annotation-driven/>`,
 proxies _for all three of them_.
 ====
 
-`@EnableAspectJAutoProxy`, `@EnableTransactionManagement` and related configuration
-annotations offer a corresponding `proxyTargetClass` attribute. These are collapsed
-into a single unified auto-proxy creator too, effectively applying the _strongest_
-proxy settings at runtime. As of 7.0, this applies to individual proxy processors
-as well, for example `@EnableAsync`, consistently participating in unified global
-default settings for all auto-proxying attempts in a given application.
-
-The global default proxy type may differ between setups. While the core framework
-suggests interface-based proxies by default, Spring Boot may - depending on
-configuration properties - enable class-based proxies by default.
-
-As of 7.0, forcing a specific proxy type for individual beans is possible through
-the `@Proxyable` annotation on a given `@Bean` method or `@Component` class, with
-`@Proxyable(INTERFACES)` or `@Proxyable(TARGET_CLASS)` overriding any globally
-configured default. For very specific purposes, you may even specify the proxy
-interface(s) to use through `@Proxyable(interfaces=...)`, limiting the exposure
-to selected interfaces rather than all interfaces that the target bean implements.
-
 
 [[aop-understanding-aop-proxies]]
 == Understanding AOP Proxies

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop/schema.adoc

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ of advice parameters.
 
 To use the aop namespace tags described in this section, you need to import the
 `spring-aop` schema, as described in xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[XML Schema-based configuration]
-. See xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc#xsd-schemas-aop[the AOP schema]
+. See xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc#aop[the AOP schema]
 for how to import the tags in the `aop` namespace.
 
 Within your Spring configurations, all aspect and advisor elements must be placed within
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Before advice runs before a matched method execution. It is declared inside an
 ----
 
 In the example above, `dataAccessOperation` is the `id` of a _named pointcut_ defined at
-the top (`<aop:config>`) level (see <<aop-schema-pointcuts,Declaring a Pointcut>>).
+the top (`<aop:config>`) level (see xref:core/aop/schema.adoc#aop-schema-pointcuts[Declaring a Pointcut]).
 
 NOTE: As we noted in the discussion of the @AspectJ style, using _named pointcuts_ can
 significantly improve the readability of your code. See xref:core/aop/ataspectj/pointcuts.adoc#aop-common-pointcuts[Sharing Named Pointcut Definitions] for

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ alone.
 Spring ships with a small AspectJ aspect library, which is available stand-alone in your
 distribution as `spring-aspects.jar`. You need to add this to your classpath in order
 to use the aspects in it.
-<<aop-atconfigurable,Using AspectJ to Dependency Inject Domain Objects with Spring>>
-and <<aop-ajlib-other,Other Spring aspects for AspectJ>>
+xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-atconfigurable[Using AspectJ to Dependency Inject Domain Objects with Spring]
+and xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-ajlib-other[Other Spring aspects for AspectJ]
 discuss the content of this library and how you can use it.
-<<aop-aj-configure,Configuring AspectJ Aspects by Using Spring IoC>>
+xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-configure[Configuring AspectJ Aspects by Using Spring IoC]
 discusses how to dependency inject AspectJ aspects that are woven using the AspectJ compiler. Finally,
-<<aop-aj-ltw,Load-time Weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework>>
+xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw[Load-time Weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework]
 provides an introduction to load-time weaving for Spring applications that use AspectJ.
 
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ types in AspectJ
 For this to work, the annotated types must be woven with the AspectJ weaver. You can
 either use a build-time Ant or Maven task to do this (see, for example, the
 {aspectj-docs-devguide}/antTasks.html[AspectJ Development
-Environment Guide]) or load-time weaving (see <<aop-aj-ltw,Load-time Weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework>>). The
+Environment Guide]) or load-time weaving (see xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw[Load-time Weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework]). The
 `AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect` itself needs to be configured by Spring (in order to obtain
 a reference to the bean factory that is to be used to configure new objects). You can define
 the related configuration as follows:
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ per-`ClassLoader` basis, which is more fine-grained and which can make more
 sense in a 'single-JVM-multiple-application' environment (such as is found in a typical
 application server environment).
 
-Further, <<aop-aj-ltw-environments,in certain environments>>, this support enables
+Further, xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw-environments[in certain environments], this support enables
 load-time weaving without making any modifications to the application server's launch
 script that is needed to add `-javaagent:path/to/aspectjweaver.jar` or (as we describe
 later in this section) `-javaagent:path/to/spring-instrument.jar`. Developers configure
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ tool to that specific area immediately afterwards.
 NOTE: The example presented here uses XML configuration. You can also configure and
 use @AspectJ with xref:core/beans/java.adoc[Java configuration]. Specifically, you can use the
 `@EnableLoadTimeWeaving` annotation as an alternative to `<context:load-time-weaver/>`
-(see <<aop-aj-ltw-spring,below>> for details).
+(see xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw-spring[below] for details).
 
 The following example shows the profiling aspect, which is not fancy.
 It is a time-based profiler that uses the @AspectJ-style of aspect declaration:
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ for AspectJ LTW:
 * `spring-aop.jar`
 * `aspectjweaver.jar`
 
-If you use the <<aop-aj-ltw-environments-generic,Spring-provided agent to enable instrumentation>>
+If you use the xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc#aop-aj-ltw-environments-generic[Spring-provided agent to enable instrumentation]
 , you also need:
 
 * `spring-instrument.jar`
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ containers.
 Tomcat and JBoss/WildFly provide a general app `ClassLoader` that is capable of local
 instrumentation. Spring's native LTW may leverage those ClassLoader implementations
 to provide AspectJ weaving.
-You can simply enable load-time weaving, as <<aop-using-aspectj,described earlier>>.
+You can simply enable load-time weaving, as xref:core/aop/using-aspectj.adoc[described earlier].
 Specifically, you do not need to modify the JVM launch script to add
 `-javaagent:path/to/spring-instrument.jar`.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/aot.adoc

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Applying such optimizations early implies the following restrictions:
 * As we cannot rely on the instance, make sure that the bean type is as precise as
 possible.
 
-TIP: See also the <<aot.bestpractices>> section.
+TIP: See also the xref:core/aot.adoc#aot.bestpractices[] section.
 
 When these restrictions are in place, it becomes possible to perform ahead-of-time processing at build time and generate additional assets.
 A Spring AOT processed application typically generates:

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/appendix/application-startup-steps.adoc

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ its behavior changes.
 | Initialization of `SmartInitializingSingleton` beans.
 | `beanName` the name of the bean.
 
+| `spring.context.annotated-bean-reader.create`
+| Creation of the `AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader`.
+|
+
 | `spring.context.base-packages.scan`
 | Scanning of base packages.
 | `packages` array of base packages for scanning.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ Spring distribution, you should first read the previous section on xref:core/app
 
 To create new XML configuration extensions:
 
-. <<xsd-custom-schema,Author>> an XML schema to describe your custom element(s).
-. <<xsd-custom-namespacehandler,Code>> a custom `NamespaceHandler` implementation.
-. <<xsd-custom-parser,Code>> one or more `BeanDefinitionParser` implementations
+. xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-schema[Author] an XML schema to describe your custom element(s).
+. xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-namespacehandler[Code] a custom `NamespaceHandler` implementation.
+. xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-parser[Code] one or more `BeanDefinitionParser` implementations
   (this is where the real work is done).
-. <<xsd-custom-registration,Register>> your new artifacts with Spring.
+. xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-registration[Register] your new artifacts with Spring.
 
 For a unified example, we create an
 XML extension (a custom XML element) that lets us configure objects of the type
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ Kotlin::
 
 This works nicely, but it exposes a lot of Spring plumbing to the end user. What we are
 going to do is write a custom extension that hides away all of this Spring plumbing.
-If we stick to <<xsd-custom-introduction,the steps described previously>>, we start off
+If we stick to xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-introduction[the steps described previously], we start off
 by creating the XSD schema to define the structure of our custom tag, as the following
 listing shows:
 
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ listing shows:
 	</xsd:schema>
 ----
 
-Again following <<xsd-custom-introduction,the process described earlier>>,
+Again following xref:core/appendix/xml-custom.adoc#core.appendix.xsd-custom-introduction[the process described earlier],
 we then create a custom `NamespaceHandler`:
 
 [tabs]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/annotation-config/autowired.adoc

@@ -37,18 +37,18 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-[TIP]
+[NOTE]
 ====
-An `@Autowired` annotation on such a constructor is not necessary if the target bean
-defines only one constructor. However, if several constructors are available and there is
-no primary or default constructor, at least one of the constructors must be annotated
-with `@Autowired` in order to instruct the container which one to use. See the discussion
-on <<beans-autowired-annotation-constructor-resolution,constructor resolution>>
-for details.
+As of Spring Framework 4.3, an `@Autowired` annotation on such a constructor is no longer
+necessary if the target bean defines only one constructor to begin with. However, if
+several constructors are available and there is no primary/default constructor, at least
+one of the constructors must be annotated with `@Autowired` in order to instruct the
+container which one to use. See the discussion on
+xref:core/beans/annotation-config/autowired.adoc#beans-autowired-annotation-constructor-resolution[constructor resolution] for details.
 ====
 
-You can apply the `@Autowired` annotation to _traditional_ setter methods, as the
-following example shows:
+You can also apply the `@Autowired` annotation to _traditional_ setter methods,
+as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-You can apply `@Autowired` to methods with arbitrary names and multiple arguments, as the
-following example shows:
+You can also apply the annotation to methods with arbitrary names and multiple
+arguments, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -176,15 +176,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ====
 Make sure that your target components (for example, `MovieCatalog` or `CustomerPreferenceDao`)
 are consistently declared by the type that you use for your `@Autowired`-annotated
-injection points. Otherwise, injection may fail due to a "no type match found" error at
-runtime.
+injection points. Otherwise, injection may fail due to a "no type match found" error at runtime.
 
 For XML-defined beans or component classes found via classpath scanning, the container
 usually knows the concrete type up front. However, for `@Bean` factory methods, you need
 to make sure that the declared return type is sufficiently expressive. For components
 that implement several interfaces or for components potentially referred to by their
-implementation type, declare the most specific return type on your factory method (at
-least as specific as required by the injection points referring to your bean).
+implementation type, consider declaring the most specific return type on your factory
+method (at least as specific as required by the injection points referring to your bean).
 ====
 
 .[[beans-autowired-annotation-self-injection]]Self Injection
@@ -314,8 +313,8 @@ for each type.
 ====
 
 Even typed `Map` instances can be autowired as long as the expected key type is `String`.
-The map values are all beans of the expected type, and the keys are the corresponding
-bean names, as the following example shows:
+The map values contain all beans of the expected type, and the keys contain the
+corresponding bean names, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -433,7 +432,7 @@ annotated constructor does not have to be public.
 ====
 
 Alternatively, you can express the non-required nature of a particular dependency
-through Java's `java.util.Optional`, as the following example shows:
+through Java 8's `java.util.Optional`, as the following example shows:
 
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
@@ -447,8 +446,8 @@ through Java's `java.util.Optional`, as the following example shows:
 ----
 
 You can also use a parameter-level `@Nullable` annotation (of any kind in any package --
-for example, `org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable` from JSpecify) or just leverage Kotlin's
-built-in null-safety support:
+for example, `javax.annotation.Nullable` from JSR-305) or just leverage Kotlin built-in
+null-safety support:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -479,6 +478,13 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
+[NOTE]
+====
+A type-level `@Nullable` annotation such as from JSpecify is not supported in Spring
+Framework 6.2 yet. You need to upgrade to Spring Framework 7.0 where the framework
+detects type-level annotations and consistently declares JSpecify in its own codebase.
+====
+
 You can also use `@Autowired` for interfaces that are well-known resolvable
 dependencies: `BeanFactory`, `ApplicationContext`, `Environment`, `ResourceLoader`,
 `ApplicationEventPublisher`, and `MessageSource`. These interfaces and their extended
@@ -523,6 +529,5 @@ class MovieRecommender {
 The `@Autowired`, `@Inject`, `@Value`, and `@Resource` annotations are handled by Spring
 `BeanPostProcessor` implementations. This means that you cannot apply these annotations
 within your own `BeanPostProcessor` or `BeanFactoryPostProcessor` types (if any).
-
 These types must be 'wired up' explicitly by using XML or a Spring `@Bean` method.
 ====

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/basics.adoc

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ XML configuration file represents a logical layer or module in your architecture
 
 You can use the `ClassPathXmlApplicationContext` constructor to load bean definitions from
 XML fragments. This constructor takes multiple `Resource` locations, as was shown in the
-<<beans-factory-xml,previous section>>. Alternatively,
+xref:core/beans/basics.adoc#beans-factory-xml[previous section]. Alternatively,
 use one or more occurrences of the `<import/>` element to load bean definitions from
 another file or files. The following example shows how to do so:
 
@@ -202,17 +202,18 @@ another file or files. The following example shows how to do so:
 	<beans>
 		<import resource="services.xml"/>
 		<import resource="resources/messageSource.xml"/>
+		<import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/>
 
 		<bean id="bean1" class="..."/>
 		<bean id="bean2" class="..."/>
 	</beans>
 ----
 
-In the preceding example, external bean definitions are loaded from the files
-`services.xml` and `messageSource.xml`. All location paths are
+In the preceding example, external bean definitions are loaded from three files:
+`services.xml`, `messageSource.xml`, and `themeSource.xml`. All location paths are
 relative to the definition file doing the importing, so `services.xml` must be in the
 same directory or classpath location as the file doing the importing, while
-`messageSource.xml` must be in a `resources` location below the
+`messageSource.xml` and `themeSource.xml` must be in a `resources` location below the
 location of the importing file. As you can see, a leading slash is ignored. However, given
 that these paths are relative, it is better form not to use the slash at all. The
 contents of the files being imported, including the top level `<beans/>` element, must
@@ -239,6 +240,40 @@ The namespace itself provides the import directive feature. Further
 configuration features beyond plain bean definitions are available in a selection
 of XML namespaces provided by Spring -- for example, the `context` and `util` namespaces.
 
+[[beans-factory-groovy]]
+=== The Groovy Bean Definition DSL
+
+As a further example for externalized configuration metadata, bean definitions can also
+be expressed in Spring's Groovy Bean Definition DSL, as known from the Grails framework.
+Typically, such configuration live in a ".groovy" file with the structure shown in the
+following example:
+
+[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	beans {
+		dataSource(BasicDataSource) {
+			driverClassName = "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"
+			url = "jdbc:hsqldb:mem:grailsDB"
+			username = "sa"
+			password = ""
+			settings = [mynew:"setting"]
+		}
+		sessionFactory(SessionFactory) {
+			dataSource = dataSource
+		}
+		myService(MyService) {
+			nestedBean = { AnotherBean bean ->
+				dataSource = dataSource
+			}
+		}
+	}
+----
+
+This configuration style is largely equivalent to XML bean definitions and even
+supports Spring's XML configuration namespaces. It also allows for importing XML
+bean definition files through an `importBeans` directive.
+
+
 [[beans-factory-client]]
 == Using the Container
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/classpath-scanning.adoc

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ annotations. Even in those examples, however, the "base" bean definitions are ex
 defined in the XML file, while the annotations drive only the dependency injection.
 
 This section describes an option for implicitly detecting the candidate components by
-scanning the classpath. Candidate components are classes that match against filter
+scanning the classpath. Candidate components are classes that match against a filter
 criteria and have a corresponding bean definition registered with the container.
 This removes the need to use XML to perform bean registration. Instead, you can use
 annotations (for example, `@Component`), AspectJ type expressions, or your own
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ supported as a marker for automatic exception translation in your persistence la
 
 Many of the annotations provided by Spring can be used as meta-annotations in your
 own code. A meta-annotation is an annotation that can be applied to another annotation.
-For example, the `@Service` annotation mentioned <<beans-stereotype-annotations,earlier>>
+For example, the `@Service` annotation mentioned xref:core/beans/classpath-scanning.adoc#beans-stereotype-annotations[earlier]
 is meta-annotated with `@Component`, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Java::
 		// ...
 	}
 ----
-<1> The `@Component` meta-annotation causes `@Service` to be treated in the same way as `@Component`.
+<1> The `@Component` causes `@Service` to be treated in the same way as `@Component`.
 
 Kotlin::
 +
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Kotlin::
 		// ...
 	}
 ----
-<1> The `@Component` meta-annotation causes `@Service` to be treated in the same way as `@Component`.
+<1> The `@Component` causes `@Service` to be treated in the same way as `@Component`.
 ======
 
 You can also combine meta-annotations to create "`composed annotations`". For example,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ meta-annotations to allow customization. This can be particularly useful when yo
 want to only expose a subset of the meta-annotation's attributes. For example, Spring's
 `@SessionScope` annotation hard codes the scope name to `session` but still allows
 customization of the `proxyMode`. The following listing shows the definition of the
-`@SessionScope` annotation:
+`SessionScope` annotation:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ Java::
 	@Service
 	public class SimpleMovieLister {
 
-		private final MovieFinder movieFinder;
+		private MovieFinder movieFinder;
 
 		public SimpleMovieLister(MovieFinder movieFinder) {
 			this.movieFinder = movieFinder;
@@ -251,11 +251,11 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
+
 To autodetect these classes and register the corresponding beans, you need to add
-`@ComponentScan` to your `@Configuration` class, where the `basePackages` attribute is
-configured with a common parent package for the two classes. Alternatively, you can
-specify a comma-, semicolon-, or space-separated list that includes the parent package
-of each class.
+`@ComponentScan` to your `@Configuration` class, where the `basePackages` attribute
+is a common parent package for the two classes. (Alternatively, you can specify a
+comma- or semicolon- or space-separated list that includes the parent package of each class.)
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-TIP: For brevity, the preceding example could have used the implicit `value` attribute of
-the annotation instead: `@ComponentScan("org.example")`
+NOTE: For brevity, the preceding example could have used the `value` attribute of the
+annotation (that is, `@ComponentScan("org.example")`).
 
-The following example uses XML configuration:
+The following alternative uses XML:
 
 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
@@ -325,68 +325,16 @@ sure that they are 'opened' (that is, that they use an `opens` declaration inste
 
 Furthermore, the `AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` and
 `CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` are both implicitly included when you use the
-`<context:component-scan>` element. That means that the two components are autodetected
-and wired together -- all without any bean configuration metadata provided in XML.
+component-scan element. That means that the two components are autodetected and
+wired together -- all without any bean configuration metadata provided in XML.
 
 NOTE: You can disable the registration of `AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` and
 `CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` by including the `annotation-config` attribute
 with a value of `false`.
 
 
-[[beans-scanning-placeholders-and-patterns]]
-=== Property Placeholders and Ant-style Patterns
-
-The `basePackages` and `value` attributes in `@ComponentScan` support `${...}` property
-placeholders which are resolved against the `Environment` as well as Ant-style package
-patterns such as `"org.example.+++**+++"`.
-
-In addition, multiple packages or patterns may be specified, either separately or within
-a single String — for example, `{"org.example.config", "org.example.service.+++**+++"}`
-or `"org.example.config, org.example.service.+++**+++"`.
-
-The following example specifies the `app.scan.packages` property placeholder for the
-implicit `value` attribute in `@ComponentScan`.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Configuration
-@ComponentScan("${app.scan.packages}") // <1>
-public class AppConfig {
-	// ...
-}
-----
-<1> `app.scan.packages` property placeholder to be resolved against the `Environment`
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Configuration
-@ComponentScan(["\${app.scan.packages}"]) // <1>
-class AppConfig {
-	// ...
-}
-----
-<1> `app.scan.packages` property placeholder to be resolved against the `Environment`
-======
-
-The following listing represents a properties file which defines the `app.scan.packages`
-property. In the preceding example, it is assumed that this properties file has been
-registered with the `Environment` – for example, via `@PropertySource` or a similar
-mechanism.
-
-[source,properties,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-app.scan.packages=org.example.config, org.example.service.**
-----
-
-
 [[beans-scanning-filters]]
-=== Using Filters to Customize Scanning
+== Using Filters to Customize Scanning
 
 By default, classes annotated with `@Component`, `@Repository`, `@Service`, `@Controller`,
 `@Configuration`, or a custom annotation that itself is annotated with `@Component` are
@@ -423,8 +371,8 @@ The following table describes the filtering options:
 | A custom implementation of the `org.springframework.core.type.TypeFilter` interface.
 |===
 
-The following example shows `@ComponentScan` configuration that excludes all
-`@Repository` annotations and includes "`Stub`" repositories instead:
+The following example shows the configuration ignoring all `@Repository` annotations
+and using "`stub`" repositories instead:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -476,367 +424,6 @@ annotated or meta-annotated with `@Component`, `@Repository`, `@Service`, `@Cont
 `@RestController`, or `@Configuration`.
 
 
-[[beans-scanning-name-generator]]
-=== Naming Autodetected Components
-
-When a component is autodetected as part of the scanning process, its bean name is
-generated by the `BeanNameGenerator` strategy known to that scanner.
-
-By default, the `AnnotationBeanNameGenerator` is used. For Spring
-<<beans-stereotype-annotations,stereotype annotations>>,
-if you supply a name via the annotation's `value` attribute that name will be used as
-the name in the corresponding bean definition. This convention also applies when the
-`@jakarta.inject.Named` annotation is used instead of Spring stereotype annotations.
-
-As of Spring Framework 6.1, the name of the annotation attribute that is used to specify
-the bean name is no longer required to be `value`. Custom stereotype annotations can
-declare an attribute with a different name (such as `name`) and annotate that attribute
-with `@AliasFor(annotation = Component.class, attribute = "value")`. See the source code
-declaration of `ControllerAdvice#name()` for a concrete example.
-
-[WARNING]
-====
-As of Spring Framework 6.1, support for convention-based stereotype names is deprecated
-and will be removed in a future version of the framework. Consequently, custom stereotype
-annotations must use `@AliasFor` to declare an explicit alias for the `value` attribute
-in `@Component`. See the source code declaration of `Repository#value()` and
-`ControllerAdvice#name()` for concrete examples.
-====
-
-If an explicit bean name cannot be derived from such an annotation or for any other
-detected component (such as those discovered by custom filters), the default bean name
-generator returns the uncapitalized non-qualified class name. For example, if the
-following component classes were detected, the names would be `myMovieLister` and
-`movieFinderImpl`.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Service("myMovieLister")
-	public class SimpleMovieLister {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Service("myMovieLister")
-	class SimpleMovieLister {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Repository
-	public class MovieFinderImpl implements MovieFinder {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Repository
-	class MovieFinderImpl : MovieFinder {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-If you do not want to rely on the default bean-naming strategy, you can provide a custom
-bean-naming strategy. First, implement either the
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/support/BeanNameGenerator.html[`BeanNameGenerator`] or
-{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/ConfigurationBeanNameGenerator.html[`ConfigurationBeanNameGenerator`]
-interface, and be sure to include a default no-arg constructor. Then, provide the fully
-qualified class name when configuring the scanner, as the following examples show.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", nameGenerator = MyNameGenerator.class)
-	public class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], nameGenerator = MyNameGenerator::class)
-	class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	<beans>
-		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example"
-			name-generator="org.example.MyNameGenerator" />
-	</beans>
-----
-
-[TIP]
-====
-If you run into naming conflicts due to multiple autodetected components having the same
-non-qualified class name (for example, classes with identical names but residing in
-different packages), you can configure a `BeanNameGenerator` that defaults to the
-fully-qualified class name for the generated bean name. The
-`FullyQualifiedAnnotationBeanNameGenerator` can be used for such purposes.
-
-As of Spring Framework 7.0, if you encounter naming conflicts among `@Bean` methods in
-`@Configuration` classes, you can alternatively configure a
-`ConfigurationBeanNameGenerator` that generates unique bean names for `@Bean` methods.
-The `FullyQualifiedConfigurationBeanNameGenerator` can be used to generate
-fully-qualified default bean names for `@Bean` methods without an explicit `name`
-attribute — for example, `com.example.MyConfig.myBean` for an `@Bean` method named
-`myBean()` declared in `@Configuration` class `com.example.MyConfig`.
-
-The `FullyQualifiedAnnotationBeanNameGenerator` and
-`FullyQualifiedConfigurationBeanNameGenerator` both reside in the
-`org.springframework.context.annotation` package.
-====
-
-As a general rule, consider specifying the name with the annotation whenever other
-components may be making explicit references to it. On the other hand, the
-auto-generated names are adequate whenever the container is responsible for wiring.
-
-
-[[beans-scanning-scope-resolver]]
-=== Providing a Scope for Autodetected Components
-
-As with Spring-managed components in general, the default and most common scope for
-autodetected components is `singleton`. However, sometimes you need a different scope
-that can be specified by the `@Scope` annotation. You can provide the name of the
-scope within the annotation, as the following example shows:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Scope("prototype")
-	@Repository
-	public class MovieFinderImpl implements MovieFinder {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Scope("prototype")
-	@Repository
-	class MovieFinderImpl : MovieFinder {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-NOTE: `@Scope` annotations are only introspected on the concrete bean class (for annotated
-components) or the factory method (for `@Bean` methods). In contrast to XML bean
-definitions, there is no notion of bean definition inheritance, and inheritance
-hierarchies at the class level are irrelevant for metadata purposes.
-
-For details on web-specific scopes such as "`request`" or "`session`" in a Spring context,
-see xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-other[Request, Session, Application, and WebSocket Scopes].
-As with the pre-built annotations for those scopes, you may also compose your own scoping
-annotations by using Spring's meta-annotation approach: for example, a custom annotation
-meta-annotated with `@Scope("prototype")`, possibly also declaring a custom scoped-proxy mode.
-
-NOTE: To provide a custom strategy for scope resolution rather than relying on the
-annotation-based approach, you can implement the
-{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/ScopeMetadataResolver.html[`ScopeMetadataResolver`]
-interface. Be sure to include a default no-arg constructor. Then you can provide the
-fully qualified class name when configuring the scanner, as the following example of both
-an annotation and a bean definition shows:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", scopeResolver = MyScopeResolver.class)
-	public class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], scopeResolver = MyScopeResolver::class)
-	class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	<beans>
-		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example" scope-resolver="org.example.MyScopeResolver"/>
-	</beans>
-----
-
-When using certain non-singleton scopes, it may be necessary to generate proxies for the
-scoped objects. The reasoning is described in
-xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-other-injection[Scoped Beans as Dependencies].
-For this purpose, a scoped-proxy attribute is available on the component-scan
-element. The three possible values are: `no`, `interfaces`, and `targetClass`. For example,
-the following configuration results in standard JDK dynamic proxies:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", scopedProxy = ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES)
-	public class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], scopedProxy = ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES)
-	class AppConfig {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	<beans>
-		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example" scoped-proxy="interfaces"/>
-	</beans>
-----
-
-
-[[beans-scanning-qualifiers]]
-=== Providing Qualifier Metadata with Annotations
-
-The `@Qualifier` annotation is discussed in
-xref:core/beans/annotation-config/autowired-qualifiers.adoc[Fine-tuning Annotation-based Autowiring with Qualifiers].
-The examples in that section demonstrate the use of the `@Qualifier` annotation and
-custom qualifier annotations to provide fine-grained control when you resolve autowire
-candidates. Because those examples were based on XML bean definitions, the qualifier
-metadata was provided on the candidate bean definitions by using the `qualifier` or `meta`
-child elements of the `bean` element in the XML. When relying upon classpath scanning for
-auto-detection of components, you can provide the qualifier metadata with type-level
-annotations on the candidate class. The following three examples demonstrate this
-technique:
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Component
-	@Qualifier("Action")
-	public class ActionMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Component
-	@Qualifier("Action")
-	class ActionMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog
-----
-======
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Component
-	@Genre("Action")
-	public class ActionMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Component
-	@Genre("Action")
-	class ActionMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-	@Component
-	@Offline
-	public class CachingMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Component
-@Offline
-class CachingMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog {
-	// ...
-}
-----
-======
-
-NOTE: As with most annotation-based alternatives, keep in mind that the annotation metadata is
-bound to the class definition itself, while the use of XML allows for multiple beans
-of the same type to provide variations in their qualifier metadata, because that
-metadata is provided per-instance rather than per-class.
-
-
 [[beans-factorybeans-annotations]]
 == Defining Bean Metadata within Components
 
@@ -1059,10 +646,10 @@ methods anywhere. However, regular `@Bean` methods in `@Configuration` classes n
 to be overridable -- that is, they must not be declared as `private` or `final`.
 
 `@Bean` methods are also discovered on base classes of a given component or
-configuration class, as well as on Java default methods declared in interfaces
+configuration class, as well as on Java 8 default methods declared in interfaces
 implemented by the component or configuration class. This allows for a lot of
 flexibility in composing complex configuration arrangements, with even multiple
-inheritance being possible through Java default methods.
+inheritance being possible through Java 8 default methods as of Spring 4.2.
 
 Finally, a single class may hold multiple `@Bean` methods for the same
 bean, as an arrangement of multiple factory methods to use depending on available
@@ -1071,3 +658,352 @@ constructor or factory method in other configuration scenarios: The variant with
 the largest number of satisfiable dependencies is picked at construction time,
 analogous to how the container selects between multiple `@Autowired` constructors.
 ====
+
+
+[[beans-scanning-name-generator]]
+== Naming Autodetected Components
+
+When a component is autodetected as part of the scanning process, its bean name is
+generated by the `BeanNameGenerator` strategy known to that scanner.
+
+By default, the `AnnotationBeanNameGenerator` is used. For Spring
+xref:core/beans/classpath-scanning.adoc#beans-stereotype-annotations[stereotype annotations],
+if you supply a name via the annotation's `value` attribute that name will be used as
+the name in the corresponding bean definition. This convention also applies when the
+following JSR-250 and JSR-330 annotations are used instead of Spring stereotype
+annotations: `@jakarta.annotation.ManagedBean`, `@javax.annotation.ManagedBean`,
+`@jakarta.inject.Named`, and `@javax.inject.Named`.
+
+As of Spring Framework 6.1, the name of the annotation attribute that is used to specify
+the bean name is no longer required to be `value`. Custom stereotype annotations can
+declare an attribute with a different name (such as `name`) and annotate that attribute
+with `@AliasFor(annotation = Component.class, attribute = "value")`. See the source code
+declaration of `ControllerAdvice#name()` for a concrete example.
+
+[WARNING]
+====
+As of Spring Framework 6.1, support for convention-based stereotype names is deprecated
+and will be removed in a future version of the framework. Consequently, custom stereotype
+annotations must use `@AliasFor` to declare an explicit alias for the `value` attribute
+in `@Component`. See the source code declaration of `Repository#value()` and
+`ControllerAdvice#name()` for concrete examples.
+====
+
+If an explicit bean name cannot be derived from such an annotation or for any other
+detected component (such as those discovered by custom filters), the default bean name
+generator returns the uncapitalized non-qualified class name. For example, if the
+following component classes were detected, the names would be `myMovieLister` and
+`movieFinderImpl`.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Service("myMovieLister")
+	public class SimpleMovieLister {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Service("myMovieLister")
+	class SimpleMovieLister {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Repository
+	public class MovieFinderImpl implements MovieFinder {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Repository
+	class MovieFinderImpl : MovieFinder {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+If you do not want to rely on the default bean-naming strategy, you can provide a custom
+bean-naming strategy. First, implement the
+{spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/support/BeanNameGenerator.html[`BeanNameGenerator`]
+interface, and be sure to include a default no-arg constructor. Then, provide the fully
+qualified class name when configuring the scanner, as the following example annotation
+and bean definition show.
+
+TIP: If you run into naming conflicts due to multiple autodetected components having the
+same non-qualified class name (i.e., classes with identical names but residing in
+different packages), you may need to configure a `BeanNameGenerator` that defaults to the
+fully qualified class name for the generated bean name. The
+`FullyQualifiedAnnotationBeanNameGenerator` located in package
+`org.springframework.context.annotation` can be used for such purposes.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", nameGenerator = MyNameGenerator.class)
+	public class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], nameGenerator = MyNameGenerator::class)
+	class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	<beans>
+		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example"
+			name-generator="org.example.MyNameGenerator" />
+	</beans>
+----
+
+As a general rule, consider specifying the name with the annotation whenever other
+components may be making explicit references to it. On the other hand, the
+auto-generated names are adequate whenever the container is responsible for wiring.
+
+
+[[beans-scanning-scope-resolver]]
+== Providing a Scope for Autodetected Components
+
+As with Spring-managed components in general, the default and most common scope for
+autodetected components is `singleton`. However, sometimes you need a different scope
+that can be specified by the `@Scope` annotation. You can provide the name of the
+scope within the annotation, as the following example shows:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Scope("prototype")
+	@Repository
+	public class MovieFinderImpl implements MovieFinder {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Scope("prototype")
+	@Repository
+	class MovieFinderImpl : MovieFinder {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+NOTE: `@Scope` annotations are only introspected on the concrete bean class (for annotated
+components) or the factory method (for `@Bean` methods). In contrast to XML bean
+definitions, there is no notion of bean definition inheritance, and inheritance
+hierarchies at the class level are irrelevant for metadata purposes.
+
+For details on web-specific scopes such as "`request`" or "`session`" in a Spring context,
+see xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-other[Request, Session, Application, and WebSocket Scopes].
+As with the pre-built annotations for those scopes, you may also compose your own scoping
+annotations by using Spring's meta-annotation approach: for example, a custom annotation
+meta-annotated with `@Scope("prototype")`, possibly also declaring a custom scoped-proxy mode.
+
+NOTE: To provide a custom strategy for scope resolution rather than relying on the
+annotation-based approach, you can implement the
+{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/ScopeMetadataResolver.html[`ScopeMetadataResolver`]
+interface. Be sure to include a default no-arg constructor. Then you can provide the
+fully qualified class name when configuring the scanner, as the following example of both
+an annotation and a bean definition shows:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", scopeResolver = MyScopeResolver.class)
+	public class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], scopeResolver = MyScopeResolver::class)
+	class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	<beans>
+		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example" scope-resolver="org.example.MyScopeResolver"/>
+	</beans>
+----
+
+When using certain non-singleton scopes, it may be necessary to generate proxies for the
+scoped objects. The reasoning is described in
+xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-other-injection[Scoped Beans as Dependencies].
+For this purpose, a scoped-proxy attribute is available on the component-scan
+element. The three possible values are: `no`, `interfaces`, and `targetClass`. For example,
+the following configuration results in standard JDK dynamic proxies:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example", scopedProxy = ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES)
+	public class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Configuration
+	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"], scopedProxy = ScopedProxyMode.INTERFACES)
+	class AppConfig {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	<beans>
+		<context:component-scan base-package="org.example" scoped-proxy="interfaces"/>
+	</beans>
+----
+
+
+[[beans-scanning-qualifiers]]
+== Providing Qualifier Metadata with Annotations
+
+The `@Qualifier` annotation is discussed in
+xref:core/beans/annotation-config/autowired-qualifiers.adoc[Fine-tuning Annotation-based Autowiring with Qualifiers].
+The examples in that section demonstrate the use of the `@Qualifier` annotation and
+custom qualifier annotations to provide fine-grained control when you resolve autowire
+candidates. Because those examples were based on XML bean definitions, the qualifier
+metadata was provided on the candidate bean definitions by using the `qualifier` or `meta`
+child elements of the `bean` element in the XML. When relying upon classpath scanning for
+auto-detection of components, you can provide the qualifier metadata with type-level
+annotations on the candidate class. The following three examples demonstrate this
+technique:
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Component
+	@Qualifier("Action")
+	public class ActionMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Component
+	@Qualifier("Action")
+	class ActionMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog
+----
+======
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Component
+	@Genre("Action")
+	public class ActionMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Component
+	@Genre("Action")
+	class ActionMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+======
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	@Component
+	@Offline
+	public class CachingMovieCatalog implements MovieCatalog {
+		// ...
+	}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+@Component
+@Offline
+class CachingMovieCatalog : MovieCatalog {
+	// ...
+}
+----
+======
+
+NOTE: As with most annotation-based alternatives, keep in mind that the annotation metadata is
+bound to the class definition itself, while the use of XML allows for multiple beans
+of the same type to provide variations in their qualifier metadata, because that
+metadata is provided per-instance rather than per-class.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/context-introduction.adoc

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ class and the `ApplicationListener` interface. If a bean that implements the
 Essentially, this is the standard Observer design pattern.
 
 TIP: As of Spring 4.2, the event infrastructure has been significantly improved and offers
-an <<context-functionality-events-annotation,annotation-based model>> as well as the
+an xref:core/beans/context-introduction.adoc#context-functionality-events-annotation[annotation-based model] as well as the
 ability to publish any arbitrary event (that is, an object that does not necessarily
 extend from `ApplicationEvent`). When such an object is published, we wrap it in an
 event for you.
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 
 NOTE: This feature is not supported for
-<<context-functionality-events-async,asynchronous listeners>>.
+xref:core/beans/context-introduction.adoc#context-functionality-events-async[asynchronous listeners].
 
 The `handleBlockedListEvent()` method publishes a new `ListUpdateEvent` for every
 `BlockedListEvent` that it handles. If you need to publish several events, you can return
@@ -933,12 +933,13 @@ Java::
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	// create a startup step and start recording
-	try (StartupStep scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan")) {
-        // add tagging information to the current step
-        scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages));
-        // perform the actual phase we're instrumenting
-        this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
-	}
+	StartupStep scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan");
+	// add tagging information to the current step
+	scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages));
+	// perform the actual phase we're instrumenting
+	this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
+	// end the current step
+	scanPackages.end();
 ----
 
 Kotlin::
@@ -946,12 +947,13 @@ Kotlin::
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	// create a startup step and start recording
-	try (val scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan")) {
-        // add tagging information to the current step
-        scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages));
-        // perform the actual phase we're instrumenting
-        this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
-	}
+	val scanPackages = getApplicationStartup().start("spring.context.base-packages.scan")
+	// add tagging information to the current step
+	scanPackages.tag("packages", () -> Arrays.toString(basePackages))
+	// perform the actual phase we're instrumenting
+	this.scanner.scan(basePackages)
+	// end the current step
+	scanPackages.end()
 ----
 ======
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/definition.adoc

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ The following table describes these properties:
 | Property| Explained in...
 
 | Class
-| <<beans-factory-class,Instantiating Beans>>
+| xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-factory-class[Instantiating Beans]
 
 | Name
-| <<beans-beanname,Naming Beans>>
+| xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-beanname[Naming Beans]
 
 | Scope
 | xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc[Bean Scopes]
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ the `@Bean` factory method in favor of any pre-declared constructor on the bean
 ****
 
 NOTE: We acknowledge that overriding beans in test scenarios is convenient, and there is
-explicit support for this. Please refer to
+explicit support for this as of Spring Framework 6.2. Please refer to
 xref:testing/testcontext-framework/bean-overriding.adoc[this section] for more details.
 
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ If you use XML-based configuration metadata, you specify the type (or class) of
 that is to be instantiated in the `class` attribute of the `<bean/>` element. This
 `class` attribute (which, internally, is a `Class` property on a `BeanDefinition`
 instance) is usually mandatory. (For exceptions, see
-<<beans-factory-class-instance-factory-method,Instantiation by Using an Instance Factory Method>>
+xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-factory-class-instance-factory-method[Instantiation by Using an Instance Factory Method]
 and xref:core/beans/child-bean-definitions.adoc[Bean Definition Inheritance].)
 You can use the `Class` property in one of two ways:
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ overloads of the `mock` method. Choose the most specific variant of `mock` possi
 [[beans-factory-class-instance-factory-method]]
 === Instantiation by Using an Instance Factory Method
 
-Similar to instantiation through a <<beans-factory-class-static-factory-method,static factory method>>
+Similar to instantiation through a xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-factory-class-static-factory-method[static factory method]
 , instantiation with an instance factory method invokes a non-static
 method of an existing bean from the container to create a new bean. To use this
 mechanism, leave the `class` attribute empty and, in the `factory-bean` attribute,
@@ -467,8 +467,8 @@ See xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-properties-detailed.adoc[Dependencies a
 
 NOTE: In Spring documentation, "factory bean" refers to a bean that is configured in the
 Spring container and that creates objects through an
-<<beans-factory-class-instance-factory-method,instance>> or
-<<beans-factory-class-static-factory-method,static>> factory method. By contrast,
+xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-factory-class-instance-factory-method[instance] or
+xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-factory-class-static-factory-method[static] factory method. By contrast,
 `FactoryBean` (notice the capitalization) refers to a Spring-specific
 xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-extension-factorybean[`FactoryBean`] implementation class.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/dependencies/factory-autowire.adoc

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ In the latter scenario, you have several options:
 * Abandon autowiring in favor of explicit wiring.
 * Avoid autowiring for a bean definition by setting its `autowire-candidate` attributes
   to `false`, as described in the
-  <<beans-factory-autowire-candidate,next section>>.
+  xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-autowire.adoc#beans-factory-autowire-candidate[next section].
 * Designate a single bean definition as the primary candidate by setting the
   `primary` attribute of its `<bean/>` element to `true`.
 * Implement the more fine-grained control available with annotation-based configuration,

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/dependencies/factory-collaborators.adoc

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ to test, particularly when the dependencies are on interfaces or abstract base c
 which allow for stub or mock implementations to be used in unit tests.
 
 DI exists in two major variants:
-<<beans-constructor-injection,Constructor-based dependency injection>>
-and <<beans-setter-injection,Setter-based dependency injection>>.
+xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-collaborators.adoc#beans-constructor-injection[Constructor-based dependency injection]
+and xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-collaborators.adoc#beans-setter-injection[Setter-based dependency injection].
 
 
 [[beans-constructor-injection]]

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/dependencies/factory-method-injection.adoc

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ You can read more about the motivation for Method Injection in
 Lookup method injection is the ability of the container to override methods on
 container-managed beans and return the lookup result for another named bean in the
 container. The lookup typically involves a prototype bean, as in the scenario described
-in <<beans-factory-method-injection,the preceding section>>. The Spring Framework
+in xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-method-injection.adoc[the preceding section]. The Spring Framework
 implements this method injection by using bytecode generation from the CGLIB library to
 dynamically generate a subclass that overrides the method.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/dependencies/factory-properties-detailed.adoc

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ The following example shows various values being set:
 	</bean>
 ----
 
-The following example uses the <<beans-p-namespace,p-namespace>> for even more succinct
+The following example uses the xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-properties-detailed.adoc#beans-p-namespace[p-namespace] for even more succinct
 XML configuration:
 
 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ three approaches at the same time.
 == XML Shortcut with the c-namespace
 
 Similar to the
-<<beans-p-namespace,XML Shortcut with the p-namespace>>,
+xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-properties-detailed.adoc#beans-p-namespace[XML Shortcut with the p-namespace],
 the c-namespace, introduced in Spring 3.1, allows inlined attributes for configuring
 the constructor arguments rather then nested `constructor-arg` elements.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/environment.adoc

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 The {spring-framework-api}/core/env/Environment.html[`Environment`] interface
 is an abstraction integrated in the container that models two key
-aspects of the application environment: <<beans-definition-profiles,profiles>>
-and <<beans-property-source-abstraction,properties>>.
+aspects of the application environment: xref:core/beans/environment.adoc#beans-definition-profiles[profiles]
+and xref:core/beans/environment.adoc#beans-property-source-abstraction[properties].
 
 A profile is a named, logical group of bean definitions to be registered with the
 container only if the given profile is active. Beans may be assigned to a profile
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ Kotlin::
 In addition, you can also declaratively activate profiles through the
 `spring.profiles.active` property, which may be specified through system environment
 variables, JVM system properties, servlet context parameters in `web.xml`, or even as an
-entry in JNDI (see <<beans-property-source-abstraction,`PropertySource` Abstraction>>). In integration tests, active
+entry in JNDI (see xref:core/beans/environment.adoc#beans-property-source-abstraction[`PropertySource` Abstraction]). In integration tests, active
 profiles can be declared by using the `@ActiveProfiles` annotation in the `spring-test`
 module (see xref:testing/testcontext-framework/ctx-management/env-profiles.adoc[context configuration with environment profiles]
 ).
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-If <<beans-definition-profiles-enable,no profile is active>>, the `dataSource` is
+If xref:#beans-definition-profiles-enable[no profile is active], the `dataSource` is
 created. You can see this as a way to provide a default definition for one or more
 beans. If any profile is enabled, the default profile does not apply.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/factory-extension.adoc

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ interface. If you write your own `BeanPostProcessor`, you should consider implem
 the `Ordered` interface, too. For further details, see the javadoc of the
 {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/config/BeanPostProcessor.html[`BeanPostProcessor`]
 and {spring-framework-api}/core/Ordered.html[`Ordered`] interfaces. See also the note on
-<<beans-factory-programmatically-registering-beanpostprocessors,programmatic registration of `BeanPostProcessor` instances>>.
+xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-programmatically-registering-beanpostprocessors[programmatic registration of `BeanPostProcessor` instances].
 
 [NOTE]
 ====
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ another container, even if both containers are part of the same hierarchy.
 
 To change the actual bean definition (that is, the blueprint that defines the bean),
 you instead need to use a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor`, as described in
-<<beans-factory-extension-factory-postprocessors,Customizing Configuration Metadata with a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor`>>.
+xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-extension-factory-postprocessors[Customizing Configuration Metadata with a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor`].
 ====
 
 The `org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor` interface consists of
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@ Alternatively, the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` can be registered via
 Notice how the `InstantiationTracingBeanPostProcessor` is merely defined. It does not
 even have a name, and, because it is a bean, it can be dependency-injected as with any
 other bean. (The preceding configuration also defines a bean that is backed by a Groovy
-script.)
+script. The Spring dynamic language support is detailed in the chapter entitled
+xref:languages/dynamic.adoc[Dynamic Language Support].)
 
 The following Java application runs the preceding code and configuration:
 
@@ -329,7 +330,7 @@ and {spring-framework-api}/core/Ordered.html[`Ordered`] interfaces for more deta
 If you want to change the actual bean instances (that is, the objects that are created
 from the configuration metadata), then you instead need to use a `BeanPostProcessor`
 (described earlier in
-<<beans-factory-extension-bpp,Customizing Beans by Using a `BeanPostProcessor`>>).
+xref:core/beans/factory-extension.adoc#beans-factory-extension-bpp[Customizing Beans by Using a `BeanPostProcessor`]).
 While it is technically possible to work with bean instances within a `BeanFactoryPostProcessor`
 (for example, by using `BeanFactory.getBean()`), doing so causes premature bean instantiation,
 violating the standard container lifecycle. This may cause negative side effects, such as

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/factory-nature.adoc

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
 The Spring Framework provides a number of interfaces you can use to customize the nature
 of a bean. This section groups them as follows:
 
-* <<beans-factory-lifecycle,Lifecycle Callbacks>>
-* <<beans-factory-aware,`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`>>
-* <<aware-list,Other `Aware` Interfaces>>
+* xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle[Lifecycle Callbacks]
+* xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-aware[`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`]
+* xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#aware-list[Other `Aware` Interfaces]
 
 
 [[beans-factory-lifecycle]]
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ of a `<bean>` element a special `(inferred)` value, which instructs Spring to au
 detect a public `close` or `shutdown` method on the bean class for a specific bean definition.
 You can also set this special `(inferred)` value on the `default-destroy-method` attribute
 of a `<beans>` element to apply this behavior to an entire set of bean definitions (see
-<<beans-factory-lifecycle-default-init-destroy-methods,Default Initialization and Destroy Methods>>).
+xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-default-init-destroy-methods[Default Initialization and Destroy Methods]).
 
 [NOTE]
 ====
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ callback method names on every bean. This means that you, as an application deve
 can write your application classes and use an initialization callback called `init()`,
 without having to configure an `init-method="init"` attribute with each bean definition.
 The Spring IoC container calls that method when the bean is created (and in accordance
-with the standard lifecycle callback contract <<beans-factory-lifecycle,described previously>>).
+with the standard lifecycle callback contract xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle[described previously]).
 This feature also enforces a consistent naming convention for initialization and
 destroy method callbacks.
 
@@ -367,8 +367,8 @@ interacts directly with the raw target bean.
 
 As of Spring 2.5, you have three options for controlling bean lifecycle behavior:
 
-* The <<beans-factory-lifecycle-initializingbean,`InitializingBean`>> and
-<<beans-factory-lifecycle-disposablebean,`DisposableBean`>> callback interfaces
+* The xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-initializingbean[`InitializingBean`] and
+xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-disposablebean[`DisposableBean`] callback interfaces
 * Custom `init()` and `destroy()` methods
 * The xref:core/beans/annotation-config/postconstruct-and-predestroy-annotations.adoc[`@PostConstruct` and `@PreDestroy` annotations]
 . You can combine these mechanisms to control a given bean.
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ configured with a different method name, then each configured method is run in t
 order listed after this note. However, if the same method name is configured -- for example,
 `init()` for an initialization method -- for more than one of these lifecycle mechanisms,
 that method is run once, as explained in the
-<<beans-factory-lifecycle-default-init-destroy-methods,preceding section>>.
+xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-default-init-destroy-methods[preceding section].
 
 Multiple lifecycle mechanisms configured for the same bean, with different
 initialization methods, are called as follows:
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ init-method.
 [[aware-list]]
 == Other `Aware` Interfaces
 
-Besides `ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware` (discussed <<beans-factory-aware,earlier>>),
+Besides `ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware` (discussed xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-aware[earlier]),
 Spring offers a wide range of `Aware` callback interfaces that let beans indicate to the container
 that they require a certain infrastructure dependency. As a general rule, the name indicates the
 dependency type. The following table summarizes the most important `Aware` interfaces:
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ dependency type. The following table summarizes the most important `Aware` inter
 
 | `ApplicationContextAware`
 | Declaring `ApplicationContext`.
-| <<beans-factory-aware,`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-aware[`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`]
 
 | `ApplicationEventPublisherAware`
 | Event publisher of the enclosing `ApplicationContext`.
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ dependency type. The following table summarizes the most important `Aware` inter
 
 | `BeanNameAware`
 | Name of the declaring bean.
-| <<beans-factory-aware,`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-aware[`ApplicationContextAware` and `BeanNameAware`]
 
 | `LoadTimeWeaverAware`
 | Defined weaver for processing class definition at load time.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ through configuration instead of having to bake in the scope of an object at the
 class level. Beans can be defined to be deployed in one of a number of scopes.
 The Spring Framework supports six scopes, four of which are available only if
 you use a web-aware `ApplicationContext`. You can also create
-<<beans-factory-scopes-custom,a custom scope.>>
+xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-custom[a custom scope.]
 
 The following table describes the supported scopes:
 
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ The following table describes the supported scopes:
 |===
 | Scope| Description
 
-| <<beans-factory-scopes-singleton,singleton>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-singleton[singleton]
 | (Default) Scopes a single bean definition to a single object instance for each Spring IoC
   container.
 
-| <<beans-factory-scopes-prototype,prototype>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-prototype[prototype]
 | Scopes a single bean definition to any number of object instances.
 
-| <<beans-factory-scopes-request,request>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-request[request]
 | Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle of a single HTTP request. That is,
   each HTTP request has its own instance of a bean created off the back of a single bean
   definition. Only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring `ApplicationContext`.
 
-| <<beans-factory-scopes-session,session>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-session[session]
 | Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle of an HTTP `Session`. Only valid in
   the context of a web-aware Spring `ApplicationContext`.
 
-| <<beans-factory-scopes-application,application>>
+| xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-application[application]
 | Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle of a `ServletContext`. Only valid in
   the context of a web-aware Spring `ApplicationContext`.
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ NOTE: A thread scope is available but is not registered by default. For more inf
 see the documentation for
 {spring-framework-api}/context/support/SimpleThreadScope.html[`SimpleThreadScope`].
 For instructions on how to register this or any other custom scope, see
-<<beans-factory-scopes-custom-using,Using a Custom Scope>>.
+xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-custom-using[Using a Custom Scope].
 
 
 [[beans-factory-scopes-singleton]]
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ understand the "`why`" as well as the "`how`" behind it:
 
 To create such a proxy, you insert a child `<aop:scoped-proxy/>` element into a
 scoped bean definition (see
-<<beans-factory-scopes-other-injection-proxies,Choosing the Type of Proxy to Create>>
+xref:core/beans/factory-scopes.adoc#beans-factory-scopes-other-injection-proxies[Choosing the Type of Proxy to Create]
 and xref:core/appendix/xsd-schemas.adoc[XML Schema-based configuration]).
 
 Why do definitions of beans scoped at the `request`, `session` and custom-scope

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/java/bean-annotation.adoc

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 `@Bean` is a method-level annotation and a direct analog of the XML `<bean/>` element.
 The annotation supports some of the attributes offered by `<bean/>`, such as:
 
-* xref:core/beans/definition.adoc#beans-beanname[name]
 * xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-initializingbean[init-method]
 * xref:core/beans/factory-nature.adoc#beans-factory-lifecycle-disposablebean[destroy-method]
 * xref:core/beans/dependencies/factory-autowire.adoc[autowiring]
+* `name`.
 
 You can use the `@Bean` annotation in a `@Configuration`-annotated or in a
 `@Component`-annotated class.
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@ You can use the `@Bean` annotation in a `@Configuration`-annotated or in a
 == Declaring a Bean
 
 To declare a bean, you can annotate a method with the `@Bean` annotation. You use this
-method to register a bean definition within an `ApplicationContext` of the type specified
-by the method's return type. By default, the bean name is the same as the method name
-(unless a different <<beans-java-customizing-bean-naming,bean name generator>> is
-configured). The following example shows a `@Bean` method declaration:
+method to register a bean definition within an `ApplicationContext` of the type
+specified as the method's return value. By default, the bean name is the same as
+the method name. The following example shows a `@Bean` method declaration:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-However, this limits the visibility for advanced type prediction to the specified
+However, this limits the visibility for advance type prediction to the specified
 interface type (`TransferService`). Then, with the full type (`TransferServiceImpl`)
 known to the container only once the affected singleton bean has been instantiated.
 Non-lazy singleton beans get instantiated according to their declaration order,
@@ -474,15 +473,8 @@ Kotlin::
 == Customizing Bean Naming
 
 By default, configuration classes use a `@Bean` method's name as the name of the
-resulting bean. However, as of Spring Framework 7.0, you can change this default strategy
-by configuring a custom
-{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/ConfigurationBeanNameGenerator.html[`ConfigurationBeanNameGenerator`]
-when bootstrapping the context or configuring component scanning. For example,
-{spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/FullyQualifiedConfigurationBeanNameGenerator.html[`FullyQualifiedConfigurationBeanNameGenerator`]
-can be used to generate fully-qualified default bean names for `@Bean` methods without an
-explicit `name` attribute. For individual `@Bean` methods, the default or
-generator-derived name can be overridden with the `name` attribute, as the following
-example shows:
+resulting bean. This functionality can be overridden, however, with the `name` attribute,
+as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -513,7 +505,6 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-NOTE: `@Bean("myThing")` is equivalent to `@Bean(name = "myThing")`.
 
 [[beans-java-bean-aliasing]]
 == Bean Aliasing

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/java/composing-configuration-classes.adoc

@@ -327,8 +327,9 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-TIP: Note that there is no need to specify `@Autowired` if the target bean defines
-only one constructor.
+TIP: Constructor injection in `@Configuration` classes is only supported as of Spring
+Framework 4.3. Note also that there is no need to specify `@Autowired` if the target
+bean defines only one constructor.
 
 [discrete]
 [[beans-java-injecting-imported-beans-fq]]
@@ -610,19 +611,6 @@ Kotlin::
 See the {spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/Conditional.html[`@Conditional`]
 javadoc for more detail.
 
-[NOTE]
-====
-A `@Conditional` annotation declared on an enclosing `@Configuration` class is only
-applied to the registration of a nested `@Configuration` class if the nested class is
-reached through the parser's recursion from its enclosing class, or via `@Import`. If a
-nested class is discovered independently of its enclosing class — for example, via
-`@ComponentScan` or by directly registering it against the application context — it is
-processed using only its own `@Conditional` annotations. Thus, if you wish to ensure that
-the same `@Conditional` annotations apply in such scenarios, you must redeclare the
-relevant annotations on the nested class, or extract them into a composed annotation
-which you apply to both the enclosing class and the nested class.
-====
-
 
 [[beans-java-combining]]
 == Combining Java and XML Configuration

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/java/programmatic-bean-registration.adoc

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-[[beans-java-programmatic-registration]]
-= Programmatic Bean Registration
-
-As of Spring Framework 7, a first-class support for programmatic bean registration is
-provided via the {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/BeanRegistrar.html[`BeanRegistrar`]
-interface that can be implemented to register beans programmatically in a flexible and
-efficient way.
-
-Those bean registrar implementations are typically imported with an `@Import` annotation
-on `@Configuration` classes.
-
-include-code::./MyConfiguration[tag=snippet,indent=0]
-
-NOTE: You can leverage type-level conditional annotations ({spring-framework-api}/context/annotation/Conditional.html[`@Conditional`],
-but also other variants) to conditionally import the related bean registrars.
-
-The bean registrar implementation uses {spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/BeanRegistry.html[`BeanRegistry`] and
-{spring-framework-api}/core/env/Environment.html[`Environment`] APIs to register beans programmatically in a concise
-and flexible way. For example, it allows custom registration through an `if` expression, a
-`for` loop, etc.
-
-include-code::./MyBeanRegistrar[tag=snippet,indent=0]
-
-NOTE: Bean registrars are supported with xref:core/aot.adoc[Ahead of Time Optimizations],
-either on the JVM or with GraalVM native images, including when instance suppliers are used.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/beans/standard-annotations.adoc

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 [[beans-standard-annotations]]
-= Using JSR-330 Standard Annotations
+= Using JSR 330 Standard Annotations
 
-Spring offers support for JSR-330 standard _Dependency Injection_ annotations which are
-available in the `jakarta.inject` package. These annotations may optionally be used as
-alternatives to Spring annotations.
-
-To use them, you need to have the relevant jar in your classpath. For example, the
-`jakarta.inject` artifact is available in the standard Maven repository
-(`https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/jakarta/inject/jakarta.inject-api/2.0.0/`),
+Spring offers support for JSR-330 standard annotations (Dependency Injection). Those
+annotations are scanned in the same way as the Spring annotations. To use them, you need
+to have the relevant jars in your classpath.
 
 [NOTE]
 =====
-If you use Maven, you can add the following dependency to your `pom.xml` file.
+If you use Maven, the `jakarta.inject` artifact is available in the standard Maven
+repository (
+https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/jakarta/inject/jakarta.inject-api/2.0.0/[https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/jakarta/inject/jakarta.inject-api/2.0.0/]).
+You can add the following dependency to your file pom.xml:
 
 [source,xml,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
@@ -27,14 +26,13 @@ If you use Maven, you can add the following dependency to your `pom.xml` file.
 [[beans-inject-named]]
 == Dependency Injection with `@Inject` and `@Named`
 
-Instead of using `@Autowired` for dependency injection, you may optionally choose to use
-`@jakarta.inject.Inject` as follows.
+Instead of `@Autowired`, you can use `@jakarta.inject.Inject` as follows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
 
@@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject
 
@@ -74,19 +72,17 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-As with `@Autowired`, you can use `@Inject` at the field level, method level, and
-constructor-argument level.
-
-Furthermore, as an alternative to Spring's `ObjectProvider` mechanism, you may choose to
-declare your injection point as a `jakarta.inject.Provider`, allowing for on-demand
-access to beans of shorter scopes or lazy access to other beans through a
-`Provider.get()` call. The following example offers a variant of the preceding example.
+As with `@Autowired`, you can use `@Inject` at the field level, method level
+and constructor-argument level. Furthermore, you may declare your injection point as a
+`Provider`, allowing for on-demand access to beans of shorter scopes or lazy access to
+other beans through a `Provider.get()` call. The following example offers a variant of the
+preceding example:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
 	import jakarta.inject.Provider;
@@ -109,10 +105,9 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject
-	import jakarta.inject.Provider
 
 	class SimpleMovieLister {
 
@@ -128,15 +123,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-If you would like to use a qualified name for the dependency that should be injected, you
-may choose to use the `@Named` annotation as an alternative to Spring's `@Qualifier`
-support, as the following example shows.
+If you would like to use a qualified name for the dependency that should be injected,
+you should use the `@Named` annotation, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
 	import jakarta.inject.Named;
@@ -156,7 +150,7 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject
 	import jakarta.inject.Named
@@ -176,15 +170,12 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 
 As with `@Autowired`, `@Inject` can also be used with `java.util.Optional` or
-`@Nullable`. This is even more applicable here, since `@Inject` does not have a
-`required` attribute. The following examples show how to use `@Inject` with `Optional`,
-`@Nullable`, and Kotlin's built-in support for nullable types.
+`@Nullable`. This is even more applicable here, since `@Inject` does not have
+a `required` attribute. The following pair of examples show how to use `@Inject` and
+`@Nullable`:
 
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
-	import java.util.Optional;
-
 	public class SimpleMovieLister {
 
 		@Inject
@@ -198,11 +189,8 @@ As with `@Autowired`, `@Inject` can also be used with `java.util.Optional` or
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
-	import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
-
 	public class SimpleMovieLister {
 
 		@Inject
@@ -214,10 +202,8 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	import jakarta.inject.Inject
-
 	class SimpleMovieLister {
 
 		@Inject
@@ -228,21 +214,21 @@ Kotlin::
 
 
 [[beans-named]]
-== `@Named`: Standard Equivalent to the `@Component` Annotation
+== `@Named` and `@ManagedBean`: Standard Equivalents to the `@Component` Annotation
 
-Instead of `@Component` or other Spring stereotype annotations, you may optionally choose
-to use `@jakarta.inject.Named`, as the following example shows.
+Instead of `@Component`, you can use `@jakarta.inject.Named` or `jakarta.annotation.ManagedBean`,
+as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
 	import jakarta.inject.Named;
 
-	@Named("movieListener")
+	@Named("movieListener")  // @ManagedBean("movieListener") could be used as well
 	public class SimpleMovieLister {
 
 		private MovieFinder movieFinder;
@@ -258,12 +244,12 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject
 	import jakarta.inject.Named
 
-	@Named("movieListener")
+	@Named("movieListener")  // @ManagedBean("movieListener") could be used as well
 	class SimpleMovieLister {
 
 		@Inject
@@ -274,15 +260,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-It is very common to use `@Component` or other Spring stereotype annotations without
-specifying an explicit name for the component, and `@Named` can be used in a similar
-fashion, as the following example shows.
+It is very common to use `@Component` without specifying a name for the component.
+`@Named` can be used in a similar fashion, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject;
 	import jakarta.inject.Named;
@@ -303,7 +288,7 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	import jakarta.inject.Inject
 	import jakarta.inject.Named
@@ -319,14 +304,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-When you use `@Named`, you can use component scanning in the exact same way as when you
-use Spring annotations, as the following example shows.
+When you use `@Named` or `@ManagedBean`, you can use component scanning in the
+exact same way as when you use Spring annotations, as the following example shows:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
 Java::
 +
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	@Configuration
 	@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example")
@@ -337,7 +322,7 @@ Java::
 
 Kotlin::
 +
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	@Configuration
 	@ComponentScan(basePackages = ["org.example"])
@@ -347,106 +332,55 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 ======
 
-NOTE: In contrast to `@Component`, the JSR-330 `@Named` annotation is not composable. You
-should use Spring's stereotype model for building custom component annotations.
-
-[TIP]
-====
-If you work with legacy systems that still use `@javax.inject.Named` or
-`@javax.annotation.ManagedBean` for components (note the `javax` package namespace), you
-can explicitly configure component scanning to include those annotation types, as shown
-in the following example.
-
-[tabs]
-======
-Java::
-+
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(
-		basePackages = "org.example",
-		includeFilters = @Filter({
-			javax.inject.Named.class,
-			javax.annotation.ManagedBean.class
-		})
-	)
-	public class AppConfig  {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-
-Kotlin::
-+
-[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes",fold="-imports"]
-----
-	@Configuration
-	@ComponentScan(
-		basePackages = ["org.example"],
-		includeFilters = [Filter([
-			javax.inject.Named::class,
-			javax.annotation.ManagedBean::class
-		])]
-	)
-	class AppConfig  {
-		// ...
-	}
-----
-======
-
-In addition, if you would like for the `value` attributes in `@javax.inject.Named` and
-`@javax.annotation.ManagedBean` to be used as component names, you need to override the
-`isStereotypeWithNameValue(...)` method in `AnnotationBeanNameGenerator` to add explicit
-support for `javax.annotation.ManagedBean` and `javax.inject.Named` and register your
-custom `AnnotationBeanNameGenerator` via the `nameGenerator` attribute in
-`@ComponentScan`.
-====
+NOTE: In contrast to `@Component`, the JSR-330 `@Named` and the JSR-250 `@ManagedBean`
+annotations are not composable. You should use Spring's stereotype model for building
+custom component annotations.
 
 
 [[beans-standard-annotations-limitations]]
 == Limitations of JSR-330 Standard Annotations
 
-When you work with JSR-330 standard annotations, you should know that some significant
-features are not available, as the following table shows.
+When you work with standard annotations, you should know that some significant
+features are not available, as the following table shows:
 
 [[annotations-comparison]]
-.Spring component model versus JSR-330 variants
+.Spring component model elements versus JSR-330 variants
 |===
-| Spring | JSR-330 | JSR-330 restrictions / comments
+| Spring| jakarta.inject.*| jakarta.inject restrictions / comments
 
-| `@Autowired`
-| `@Inject`
-| `@Inject` has no `required` attribute. Can be used with Java's `Optional` instead.
+| @Autowired
+| @Inject
+| `@Inject` has no 'required' attribute. Can be used with Java 8's `Optional` instead.
 
-| `@Component`
-| `@Named`
+| @Component
+| @Named / @ManagedBean
 | JSR-330 does not provide a composable model, only a way to identify named components.
 
-| `@Scope("singleton")`
-| `@Singleton`
+| @Scope("singleton")
+| @Singleton
 | The JSR-330 default scope is like Spring's `prototype`. However, in order to keep it
   consistent with Spring's general defaults, a JSR-330 bean declared in the Spring
   container is a `singleton` by default. In order to use a scope other than `singleton`,
   you should use Spring's `@Scope` annotation. `jakarta.inject` also provides a
-  `jakarta.inject.Scope` annotation; however, this one is only intended to be used
+  `jakarta.inject.Scope` annotation: however, this one is only intended to be used
   for creating custom annotations.
 
-| `@Qualifier`
-| `@Qualifier` / `@Named`
+| @Qualifier
+| @Qualifier / @Named
 | `jakarta.inject.Qualifier` is just a meta-annotation for building custom qualifiers.
   Concrete `String` qualifiers (like Spring's `@Qualifier` with a value) can be associated
   through `jakarta.inject.Named`.
 
-| `@Value`
+| @Value
 | -
 | no equivalent
 
-| `@Lazy`
+| @Lazy
 | -
 | no equivalent
 
-| `ObjectFactory`
-| `Provider`
+| ObjectFactory
+| Provider
 | `jakarta.inject.Provider` is a direct alternative to Spring's `ObjectFactory`,
   only with a shorter `get()` method name. It can also be used in combination with
   Spring's `@Autowired` or with non-annotated constructors and setter methods.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/databuffer-codec.adoc

@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@
 
 Java NIO provides `ByteBuffer` but many libraries build their own byte buffer API on top,
 especially for network operations where reusing buffers and/or using direct buffers is
-beneficial for performance. For example Netty has the `ByteBuf` hierarchy,
-Jetty uses pooled byte buffers with a callback to be released, and so on.
+beneficial for performance. For example Netty has the `ByteBuf` hierarchy, Undertow uses
+XNIO, Jetty uses pooled byte buffers with a callback to be released, and so on.
 The `spring-core` module provides a set of abstractions to work with various byte buffer
 APIs as follows:
 
-* <<databuffers-factory,`DataBufferFactory`>> abstracts the creation of a data buffer.
-* <<databuffers-buffer,`DataBuffer`>> represents a byte buffer, which may be
-<<databuffers-buffer-pooled,pooled>>.
-* <<databuffers-utils,`DataBufferUtils`>> offers utility methods for data buffers.
+* xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-factory[`DataBufferFactory`] abstracts the creation of a data buffer.
+* xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-buffer[`DataBuffer`] represents a byte buffer, which may be
+xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-buffer-pooled[pooled].
+* xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-utils[`DataBufferUtils`] offers utility methods for data buffers.
 * <<Codecs>> decode or encode data buffer streams into higher level objects.
 
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Below is a partial list of benefits:
 * Read and write with independent positions, i.e. not requiring a call to `flip()` to
 alternate between read and write.
 * Capacity expanded on demand as with `java.lang.StringBuilder`.
-* Pooled buffers and reference counting via <<databuffers-buffer-pooled,`PooledDataBuffer`>>.
+* Pooled buffers and reference counting via xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-buffer-pooled[`PooledDataBuffer`].
 * View a buffer as `java.nio.ByteBuffer`, `InputStream`, or `OutputStream`.
 * Determine the index, or the last index, for a given byte.
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ xref:web/webflux/reactive-spring.adoc#webflux-codecs[Codecs] in the WebFlux sect
 == Using `DataBuffer`
 
 When working with data buffers, special care must be taken to ensure buffers are released
-since they may be <<databuffers-buffer-pooled,pooled>>. We'll use codecs to illustrate
+since they may be xref:core/databuffer-codec.adoc#databuffers-buffer-pooled[pooled]. We'll use codecs to illustrate
 how that works but the concepts apply more generally. Let's see what codecs must do
 internally to manage data buffers.
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/evaluation.adoc

@@ -253,175 +253,6 @@ properties. Alternatively, configure custom accessors via
 `SimpleEvaluationContext.forPropertyAccessors(...)`, potentially disable assignment, and
 optionally activate method resolution and/or a type converter through the builder.
 
-[[expressions-evaluation-context-security]]
-=== Security Considerations
-
-SpEL is a powerful expression language that can invoke constructors and methods, read and
-write properties and fields, and reference beans – all backed by reflection. Because of
-this power, evaluating a SpEL expression obtained from an untrusted source is inherently
-dangerous and should generally be avoided, since doing so can effectively grant that
-source the ability to execute arbitrary code within the application, regardless of which
-`EvaluationContext` implementation is used.
-
-Throughout this section, a source of a SpEL expression is considered "trusted" only if it
-is a developer of the application or an administrator responsible for configuring or
-operating the application. Any other source of a SpEL expression must be treated as
-untrusted – for example, an expression supplied by an end user of the application or
-received from an external system.
-
-[WARNING]
-====
-`StandardEvaluationContext` exposes the complete SpEL language and must *never* be used
-to evaluate an expression obtained from an untrusted source.
-====
-
-Although `SimpleEvaluationContext` restricts the SpEL language to a subset of its
-features, that restriction is provided on a best-effort basis and does not guarantee that
-expression evaluation is safe. Since an expression can potentially invoke any property,
-method, or function reachable via the configured root object, property accessors, method
-resolvers, variables, and functions, care must be taken if you choose to evaluate
-expressions from an untrusted source. It is therefore the responsibility of the code that
-configures an `EvaluationContext` – for example, by supplying a root object or by
-registering property accessors, resolvers, variables, or functions – to ensure that none
-of the objects reachable via the context expose operations that would be dangerous if
-invoked by an expression from an untrusted source.
-
-Furthermore, a property "getter" reachable from an expression is not necessarily a pure,
-side-effect-free read operation. A JavaBean-style accessor (such as `getName()` or
-`isActive()`) and a plain accessor method used to support data classes such as Java
-records and Kotlin data classes (such as `name()`) are indistinguishable from a method
-that performs an action and happens to return a value (that is, a method which is
-*accessor-shaped*). For example, the `public boolean delete()` method in `java.io.File`
-looks like a plain accessor method to SpEL. Specifically, neither
-`ReflectivePropertyAccessor` nor `DataBindingPropertyAccessor` can determine whether such
-a method is free of side effects. Moreover, restricting a `SimpleEvaluationContext` to
-read-only data binding governs only whether *assignment* to a property is permitted: it
-does not verify that reading a property is side-effect-free. When exposing a root object
-or other reachable object to an untrusted expression, you must ensure that none of its
-accessor-shaped methods perform an action that would be unsafe if triggered by that
-expression.
-
-[NOTE]
-.What makes a method "accessor-shaped"?
-====
-A method is accessor-shaped if it is `public`, takes no arguments, and returns a value –
-the same shape that `ReflectivePropertyAccessor` and `DataBindingPropertyAccessor` look
-for when resolving a property "getter" by name. That shape says nothing about whether
-invoking the method is actually free of side effects. For example, the following methods
-are all accessor-shaped, but only some of them are safe to invoke as a property read.
-
-Side-effect-free (safe to expose as properties):
-
-* `getName()` and `isActive()`: conventional JavaBean-style accessors.
-* `name()` and `active()`: plain accessor methods used by data classes such as Java
-  records and Kotlin data classes.
-
-Side-effecting (unsafe to expose as properties, despite the identical shape):
-
-* `java.io.File#delete()`: deletes the underlying file and returns whether the deletion
-  succeeded.
-* `java.util.Queue#poll()`: removes and returns the head element, mutating the queue.
-* `java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger#incrementAndGet()`: increments and returns
-  a counter, mutating it.
-
-If an untrusted expression can reference `someFile.delete`, `someQueue.poll`, or
-`someCounter.incrementAndGet` as a property, SpEL invokes the corresponding method just
-as readily as it would invoke a genuine getter.
-====
-
-[[expressions-evaluation-context-object-design]]
-=== Object Design
-
-Similar to the design guidance for
-xref:web/webmvc/mvc-data-binding.adoc#mvc-data-binding-design[web data binding], you
-should carefully design any object that may be reached from a SpEL expression evaluated
-against untrusted input. This applies not only to the root object supplied to an
-`EvaluationContext` but also to every object that such an expression can navigate to from
-that root object – for example, an object returned by a property, a method, an index
-operation, a variable, or a function.
-
-When exposing an object to expressions from an untrusted source, consider the following
-recommendations.
-
-Use a dedicated type::
-  Prefer a dedicated type, designed specifically to be evaluated against untrusted
-  expressions, over passing an existing domain or infrastructure type "as is". A
-  dedicated type lets you control exactly which properties and methods are reachable from
-  an expression, rather than exposing the full surface area of a class such as a JPA
-  entity, `java.io.File`, or a JDBC `Connection` – most of which were never designed with
-  SpEL evaluation in mind.
-
-Prefer immutability::
-  An immutable type – for example, a Java record or a Kotlin data class exposing only
-  `val` properties – rules out property writes and eliminates any concern that a "getter"
-  might mutate state as a side effect, since there is no mutable state to affect.
-  Immutability does not, on its own, rule out an accessor-shaped method with an external
-  side effect (such as a network call or a file system operation), but it removes an
-  entire class of risk.
-
-Limit scope::
-  Expose only the properties and methods that the expression is expected to use, and
-  nothing more. Because a `PropertyAccessor` cannot restrict access to specific
-  properties or methods on a per-expression basis, every accessor-shaped method reachable
-  on an exposed object is reachable by any expression that can reach that object –
-  regardless of which property or method the application intended the expression to use.
-
-Audit accessor-shaped methods::
-  Review every accessor-shaped method exposed by a type before making it reachable from
-  an untrusted expression, keeping the <<expressions-evaluation-context-security,
-  security considerations>> discussed above in mind. None of the reachable methods should
-  perform an action that would be unsafe if triggered by that expression.
-
-[WARNING]
-====
-These recommendations apply transitively. If the root object exposes a property or method
-that returns another object, and an untrusted expression can navigate to it (for example,
-`rootObject.child.grandchild`), the nested object is just as reachable as the root object
-itself and must meet the same design requirements. The same is true for an object reached
-via indexing (for example, `rootObject.items[0]` or `rootObject.items['key']`): whatever
-is returned by the index operation is just as reachable as any other nested object.
-====
-
-[[expressions-evaluation-context-lifecycle]]
-=== Lifecycle and Reuse
-
-For performance, the AST nodes that make up a parsed `Expression` may cache the specific
-`PropertyAccessor`, `IndexAccessor`, `MethodExecutor`, or `ConstructorExecutor` that
-satisfied a previous evaluation, so that later evaluations of the same node can avoid
-asking every registered accessor or resolver in turn. Understanding this caching behavior
-is essential to using `Expression` and `EvaluationContext` correctly, in addition to the
-<<expressions-evaluation-context-security,security considerations>> discussed previously.
-
-A parsed `Expression` is designed to be created once and evaluated repeatedly, and doing
-so is both supported and encouraged. In particular:
-
-* A parsed `Expression` may be evaluated against different root objects, and against
-  different `EvaluationContext` instances of the *same type and with equivalent
-  configuration* – for example, several `StandardEvaluationContext` instances each
-  registering the same kind of custom `PropertyAccessor`. Changing the accessors or
-  resolvers registered with a context between evaluations of the same expression is
-  atypical and generally not advised, but is expected to work correctly: the registered
-  state of the *current* context is what is consulted, not a snapshot taken during an
-  earlier evaluation.
-* A parsed `Expression` must *not* be evaluated first against a context with one set of
-  security implications and later against a context with different, typically more
-  restrictive, security implications – for example, first against a
-  `StandardEvaluationContext` and later against a `SimpleEvaluationContext`. Doing so is
-  analogous to executing a database query on behalf of an administrator, caching the
-  resulting administrator-privileged execution plan, and then reusing that cached plan for
-  a lower-privileged user while expecting the lower-privileged user's restrictions to
-  apply: cached state from the first, more permissive evaluation may be reused during the
-  second, and the second context's restrictions cannot be reliably enforced as a result.
-  If the same expression string must be evaluated under contexts with different security
-  implications, parse it into *distinct* `Expression` instances, one per context.
-
-[WARNING]
-====
-Reusing a single parsed `Expression` across `EvaluationContext` instances with different
-security implications is not a supported usage pattern and must be avoided, regardless of
-which `EvaluationContext` implementations are involved.
-====
-
 [[expressions-type-conversion]]
 === Type Conversion
 
@@ -488,23 +319,17 @@ Kotlin::
 
 It is possible to configure the SpEL expression parser by using a parser configuration
 object (`org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelParserConfiguration`). The configuration
-object controls the behavior of some of the expression components. To create a
-`SpelParserConfiguration` instance, favor `SpelParserConfiguration.builder()` over the
-numerous constructors in `SpelParserConfiguration`, since the builder only requires
-configuration of the properties that need to deviate from their sensible defaults --
-or use `SpelParserConfiguration.withDefaults()` if none of those defaults need to be
-overridden.
-
-For example, if you index into a collection and the element at the specified index is
-`null`, SpEL can automatically create the element. This is useful when using expressions
-made up of a chain of property references. Similarly, if you index into a collection and
-specify an index that is greater than the current size of the collection, SpEL can
-automatically grow the collection to accommodate that index. In order to add an element
-at the specified index, SpEL will try to create the element using the element type's
-default constructor before setting the specified value. If the element type does not
-have a default constructor, `null` will be added to the collection. If there is no
-built-in converter or custom converter that knows how to set the value, `null` will
-remain in the collection at the specified index. The following example demonstrates how to
+object controls the behavior of some of the expression components. For example, if you
+index into a collection and the element at the specified index is `null`, SpEL can
+automatically create the element. This is useful when using expressions made up of a
+chain of property references. Similarly, if you index into a collection and specify an
+index that is greater than the current size of the collection, SpEL can automatically
+grow the collection to accommodate that index. In order to add an element at the
+specified index, SpEL will try to create the element using the element type's default
+constructor before setting the specified value. If the element type does not have a
+default constructor, `null` will be added to the collection. If there is no built-in
+converter or custom converter that knows how to set the value, `null` will remain in the
+collection at the specified index. The following example demonstrates how to
 automatically grow a `List`.
 
 [tabs]
@@ -517,10 +342,10 @@ Java::
 		public List<String> list;
 	}
 
-	SpelParserConfiguration config = SpelParserConfiguration.builder()
-			.autoGrowNullReferences()
-			.autoGrowCollections()
-			.build();
+	// Turn on:
+	// - auto null reference initialization
+	// - auto collection growing
+	SpelParserConfiguration config = new SpelParserConfiguration(true, true);
 
 	ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser(config);
 
@@ -542,10 +367,10 @@ Kotlin::
 		var list: List<String>? = null
 	}
 
-	val config = SpelParserConfiguration.builder()
-			.autoGrowNullReferences()
-			.autoGrowCollections()
-			.build()
+	// Turn on:
+	// - auto null reference initialization
+	// - auto collection growing
+	val config = SpelParserConfiguration(true, true)
 
 	val parser = SpelExpressionParser(config)
 
@@ -562,8 +387,7 @@ Kotlin::
 
 By default, a SpEL expression cannot contain more than 10,000 characters; however, the
 `maxExpressionLength` is configurable. If you create a `SpelExpressionParser`
-programmatically, you can specify a custom `maxExpressionLength` via
-`SpelParserConfiguration.builder().maximumExpressionLength(...)` when creating the
+programmatically, you can specify a custom `maxExpressionLength` when creating the
 `SpelParserConfiguration` that you provide to the `SpelExpressionParser`. If you wish to
 set the `maxExpressionLength` used for parsing SpEL expressions within an
 `ApplicationContext` -- for example, in XML bean definitions, `@Value`, etc. -- you can
@@ -574,30 +398,14 @@ xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[Supported Spring Properties]).
 Similarly, the number of operations performed during the evaluation of a SpEL expression
 cannot exceed 10,000 by default; however, the `maxOperations` value is configurable. If
 you create a `SpelExpressionParser` programmatically (the recommend approach), you can
-specify a custom `maxOperations` value via
-`SpelParserConfiguration.builder().maximumOperations(...)` when creating the
-`SpelParserConfiguration` that you provide to the `SpelExpressionParser`. If you are not
-able to configure an explicit value for `maxOperations` via `SpelParserConfiguration`,
-you can set a JVM system property or Spring property named
-`spring.expression.maxOperations` to the maximum number of operations required by your
-application (see xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[Supported Spring
-Properties]).
-
-In addition, the result of a `BigDecimal` or `BigInteger` power operation within a SpEL
-expression cannot exceed 1,000,000 bits by default – approximately equivalent to a
-decimal number with 300,000 digits. Power operations involving large base values or large
-exponents can be computationally expensive, and this limit ensures that evaluations
-remain bounded; however, the `maximumBigPowerBits` value is configurable. If you create a
-`SpelExpressionParser` programmatically (the recommended approach), you can specify a
-custom `maximumBigPowerBits` value via
-`SpelParserConfiguration.builder().maximumBigPowerBits(...)` when creating the
-`SpelParserConfiguration` that you provide to the `SpelExpressionParser`. To remove this
-limit entirely, pass `Integer.MAX_VALUE` as the `maximumBigPowerBits` value. If you are
-not able to configure an explicit value for `maximumBigPowerBits` via
-`SpelParserConfiguration`, you can set a JVM system property or Spring property named
-`spring.expression.maxBigPowerBits` to the maximum result size in bits (see
+specify a custom `maxOperations` value when creating the `SpelParserConfiguration` that
+you provide to the `SpelExpressionParser`. If you are not able to configure an explicit
+value for `maxOperations` via `SpelParserConfiguration`, you can set a JVM system
+property or Spring property named `spring.expression.maxOperations` to the maximum number
+of operations required by your application (see
 xref:appendix.adoc#appendix-spring-properties[Supported Spring Properties]).
 
+
 [[expressions-spel-compilation]]
 == SpEL Compilation
 
@@ -635,9 +443,9 @@ only 3ms using the compiled version of the expression.
 
 The compiler is not turned on by default, but you can turn it on in either of two
 different ways. You can turn it on by using the parser configuration process
-(<<expressions-parser-configuration,discussed earlier>>) or by using a Spring property
-when SpEL usage is embedded inside another component. This section discusses both of
-these options.
+(xref:core/expressions/evaluation.adoc#expressions-parser-configuration[discussed
+earlier]) or by using a Spring property when SpEL usage is embedded inside another
+component. This section discusses both of these options.
 
 The compiler can operate in one of three modes, which are captured in the
 `org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelCompilerMode` enum. The modes are as follows.
@@ -679,10 +487,8 @@ Java::
 +
 [source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	SpelParserConfiguration config = SpelParserConfiguration.builder()
-			.compilerMode(SpelCompilerMode.IMMEDIATE)
-			.compilerClassLoader(getClass().getClassLoader())
-			.build();
+	SpelParserConfiguration config = new SpelParserConfiguration(SpelCompilerMode.IMMEDIATE,
+			this.getClass().getClassLoader());
 
 	SpelExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser(config);
 
@@ -697,10 +503,8 @@ Kotlin::
 +
 [source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
-	val config = SpelParserConfiguration.builder()
-			.compilerMode(SpelCompilerMode.IMMEDIATE)
-			.compilerClassLoader(javaClass.classLoader)
-			.build()
+	val config = SpelParserConfiguration(SpelCompilerMode.IMMEDIATE,
+			this.javaClass.classLoader)
 
 	val parser = SpelExpressionParser(config)
 
@@ -737,7 +541,6 @@ following kinds of expressions cannot be compiled.
 * Expressions relying on the conversion service
 * Expressions using custom resolvers
 * Expressions using overloaded operators
-* Expressions using `Optional` with the null-safe or Elvis operator
 * Expressions using array construction syntax
 * Expressions using selection or projection
 * Expressions using bean references

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/language-ref/operator-elvis.adoc

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 [[expressions-operator-elvis]]
 = The Elvis Operator
 
-The Elvis operator (`?:`) is a shortening of the ternary operator syntax and is used in
-the https://www.groovy-lang.org/operators.html#_elvis_operator[Groovy] language. With the
-ternary operator syntax, you often have to repeat a variable twice, as the following Java
-example shows:
+The Elvis operator is a shortening of the ternary operator syntax and is used in the
+https://www.groovy-lang.org/operators.html#_elvis_operator[Groovy] language.
+With the ternary operator syntax, you usually have to repeat a variable twice, as the
+following example shows:
 
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+[source,groovy,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
 ----
 	String name = "Elvis Presley";
 	String displayName = (name != null ? name : "Unknown");
 ----
 
 Instead, you can use the Elvis operator (named for the resemblance to Elvis' hair style).
-The following example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a SpEL expression:
+The following example shows how to use the Elvis operator:
 
 [tabs]
 ======
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Java::
 ----
 	ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
 
-	String name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Unknown'").getValue(new Inventor(), String.class);
+	String name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Unknown'").getValue(new Inventor(), String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // 'Unknown'
 ----
 
@@ -33,29 +33,14 @@ Kotlin::
 ----
 	val parser = SpelExpressionParser()
 
-	val name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Unknown'").getValue(Inventor(), String::class.java)
+	val name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Unknown'").getValue(Inventor(), String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // 'Unknown'
 ----
 ======
 
-[NOTE]
-====
-The SpEL Elvis operator also treats an _empty_ String like a `null` object. Thus, the
-original Java example is only close to emulating the semantics of the operator: it would
-need to use `name != null && !name.isEmpty()` as the predicate to be compatible with the
-semantics of the SpEL Elvis operator.
-====
-
-[TIP]
-====
-As of Spring Framework 7.0, the SpEL Elvis operator supports `java.util.Optional` with
-transparent unwrapping semantics.
-
-For example, given the expression `A ?: B`, if `A` is `null` or an _empty_ `Optional`,
-the expression evaluates to `B`. However, if `A` is a non-empty `Optional` the expression
-evaluates to the object contained in the `Optional`, thereby effectively unwrapping the
-`Optional` which correlates to `A.get()`.
-====
+NOTE: The SpEL Elvis operator also checks for _empty_ Strings in addition to `null` objects.
+The original snippet is thus only close to emulating the semantics of the operator (it would need an
+additional `!name.isEmpty()` check).
 
 The following listing shows a more complex example:
 
@@ -69,11 +54,11 @@ Java::
 	EvaluationContext context = SimpleEvaluationContext.forReadOnlyDataBinding().build();
 
 	Inventor tesla = new Inventor("Nikola Tesla", "Serbian");
-	String name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
+	String name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // Nikola Tesla
 
 	tesla.setName("");
-	name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
+	name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String.class);
 	System.out.println(name);  // Elvis Presley
 ----
 
@@ -85,16 +70,16 @@ Kotlin::
 	val context = SimpleEvaluationContext.forReadOnlyDataBinding().build()
 
 	val tesla = Inventor("Nikola Tesla", "Serbian")
-	var name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
+	var name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // Nikola Tesla
 
 	tesla.setName("")
-	name = parser.parseExpression("name ?: 'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
+	name = parser.parseExpression("name?:'Elvis Presley'").getValue(context, tesla, String::class.java)
 	println(name)  // Elvis Presley
 ----
 ======
 
-[TIP]
+[NOTE]
 =====
 You can use the Elvis operator to apply default values in expressions. The following
 example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a `@Value` expression:
@@ -104,6 +89,7 @@ example shows how to use the Elvis operator in a `@Value` expression:
 	@Value("#{systemProperties['pop3.port'] ?: 25}")
 ----
 
-This will inject the value of the system property named `pop3.port` if it is defined or
-`25` if the property is not defined.
+This will inject a system property `pop3.port` if it is defined or 25 if not.
 =====
+
+

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/language-ref/operator-safe-navigation.adoc

@@ -252,6 +252,7 @@ Kotlin::
 <1> Use "null-safe select first" operator on potentially null `members` list
 ======
 
+
 The following example shows how to use the "null-safe select last" operator for
 collections (`?.$`).
 
@@ -350,50 +351,6 @@ Kotlin::
 <2> Use null-safe projection operator on null `members` list
 ======
 
-[[expressions-operator-safe-navigation-optional]]
-== Null-safe Operations on `Optional`
-
-As of Spring Framework 7.0, null-safe operations are supported on instances of
-`java.util.Optional` with transparent unwrapping semantics.
-
-Specifically, when a null-safe operator is applied to an _empty_ `Optional`, it will be
-treated as if the `Optional` were `null`, and the subsequent operation will evaluate to
-`null`. However, if a null-safe operator is applied to a non-empty `Optional`, the
-subsequent operation will be applied to the object contained in the `Optional`, thereby
-effectively unwrapping the `Optional`.
-
-For example, if `user` is of type `Optional<User>`, the expression `user?.name` will
-evaluate to `null` if `user` is either `null` or an _empty_ `Optional` and will otherwise
-evaluate to the `name` of the `user`, effectively `user.get().getName()` or
-`user.get().name` for property or field access, respectively.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-Invocations of methods defined in the `Optional` API are still supported on an _empty_
-`Optional`. For example, if `name` is of type `Optional<String>`, the expression
-`name?.orElse('Unknown')` will evaluate to `"Unknown"` if `name` is an empty `Optional`
-and will otherwise evaluate to the `String` contained in the `Optional` if `name` is a
-non-empty `Optional`, effectively `name.get()`.
-====
-
-// NOTE: &#8288; is the Unicode Character 'WORD JOINER', which prevents undesired line wraps.
-
-Similarly, if `names` is of type `Optional<List<String>>`, the expression
-`names?.?&#8288;[#this.length > 5]` will evaluate to `null` if `names` is `null` or an _empty_
-`Optional` and will otherwise evaluate to a sequence containing the names whose lengths
-are greater than 5, effectively
-`names.get().stream().filter(s -> s.length() > 5).toList()`.
-
-The same semantics apply to all of the null-safe operators mentioned previously in this
-chapter.
-
-For further details and examples, consult the javadoc for the following operators.
-
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/PropertyOrFieldReference.html[`PropertyOrFieldReference`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/MethodReference.html[`MethodReference`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Indexer.html[`Indexer`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Selection.html[`Selection`]
-* {spring-framework-api}/expression/spel/ast/Projection.html[`Projection`]
 
 [[expressions-operator-safe-navigation-compound-expressions]]
 == Null-safe Operations in Compound Expressions

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 
 The Spring Expression Language supports the following kinds of operators:
 
-* <<expressions-operators-relational,Relational Operators>>
-* <<expressions-operators-logical,Logical Operators>>
-* <<expressions-operators-string,String Operators>>
-* <<expressions-operators-mathematical,Mathematical Operators>>
-* <<expressions-assignment,The Assignment Operator>>
-* <<expressions-operators-overloaded,Overloaded Operators>>
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-operators-relational[Relational Operators]
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-operators-logical[Logical Operators]
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-operators-string[String Operators]
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-operators-mathematical[Mathematical Operators]
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-assignment[The Assignment Operator]
+* xref:core/expressions/language-ref/operators.adoc#expressions-operators-overloaded[Overloaded Operators]
 
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/null-safety.adoc

@@ -1,216 +1,53 @@
 [[null-safety]]
 = Null-safety
 
-Although Java does not let you express nullness markers with its type system yet, the Spring Framework codebase is
-annotated with https://jspecify.dev/docs/start-here/[JSpecify] annotations to declare the nullability of its APIs,
-fields, and related type usages. Reading the https://jspecify.dev/docs/user-guide/[JSpecify user guide] is highly
-recommended in order to get familiar with those annotations and semantics.
+Although Java does not let you express null-safety with its type system, the Spring Framework
+provides the following annotations in the `org.springframework.lang` package to let you
+declare nullability of APIs and fields:
 
-The primary goal of this null-safety arrangement is to prevent a `NullPointerException` from being thrown at
-runtime via build time checks and to use explicit nullability as a way to express the possible absence of value.
-It is useful in Java by leveraging nullability checkers such as https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway] or IDEs
-supporting JSpecify annotations such as IntelliJ IDEA and Eclipse (the latter requiring manual configuration). In Kotlin,
-JSpecify annotations are automatically translated to {kotlin-docs}/null-safety.html[Kotlin's null safety].
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`]: Annotation to indicate that a
+specific parameter, return value, or field can be `null`.
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`]: Annotation to indicate that a specific
+parameter, return value, or field cannot be `null` (not needed on parameters, return values,
+and fields where `@NonNullApi` and `@NonNullFields` apply, respectively).
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullApi.html[`@NonNullApi`]: Annotation at the package level
+that declares non-null as the default semantics for parameters and return values.
+* {spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullFields.html[`@NonNullFields`]: Annotation at the package
+level that declares non-null as the default semantics for fields.
 
-The {spring-framework-api}/core/Nullness.html[`Nullness` Spring API] can be used at runtime to detect the
-nullness of a type usage, a field, a method return type, or a parameter. It provides full support for
-JSpecify annotations, Kotlin null safety, and Java primitive types, as well as a pragmatic check on any
-`@Nullable` annotation (regardless of the package).
+The Spring Framework itself leverages these annotations, but they can also be used in any
+Spring-based Java project to declare null-safe APIs and optionally null-safe fields.
+Nullability declarations for generic type arguments, varargs, and array elements are not supported yet.
+Nullability declarations are expected to be fine-tuned between Spring Framework releases,
+including minor ones. Nullability of types used inside method bodies is outside the
+scope of this feature.
+
+NOTE: Other common libraries such as Reactor and Spring Data provide null-safe APIs that
+use a similar nullability arrangement, delivering a consistent overall experience for
+Spring application developers.
 
 
-[[null-safety-libraries]]
-== Annotating libraries with JSpecify annotations
+[[use-cases]]
+== Use cases
 
-As of Spring Framework 7, the Spring Framework codebase leverages JSpecify annotations to expose null-safe APIs
-and to check the consistency of those nullability declarations with https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway]
-as part of its build. It is recommended for each library depending on Spring Framework and Spring portfolio projects,
-as well as other libraries related to the Spring ecosystem (Reactor, Micrometer, and Spring community projects),
-to do the same.
+In addition to providing an explicit declaration for Spring Framework API nullability,
+these annotations can be used by an IDE (such as IDEA or Eclipse) to provide useful
+warnings related to null-safety in order to avoid `NullPointerException` at runtime.
+
+They are also used to make Spring APIs null-safe in Kotlin projects, since Kotlin natively
+supports {kotlin-docs}/null-safety.html[null-safety]. More details
+are available in the xref:languages/kotlin/null-safety.adoc[Kotlin support documentation].
 
 
-[[null-safety-applications]]
-== Leveraging JSpecify annotations in Spring applications
+[[jsr-305-meta-annotations]]
+== JSR-305 meta-annotations
 
-Developing applications with IDEs that support nullness annotations will provide warnings in Java and errors in
-Kotlin when the nullability contracts are not honored, allowing Spring application developers to refine their
-null handling to prevent a `NullPointerException` from being thrown at runtime.
+Spring annotations are meta-annotated with {JSR}305[JSR 305]
+annotations (a dormant but widespread JSR). JSR-305 meta-annotations let tooling vendors
+like IDEA or Kotlin provide null-safety support in a generic way, without having to
+hard-code support for Spring annotations.
 
-Optionally, Spring application developers can annotate their codebase and use build plugins like
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway[NullAway] to enforce null-safety at the application level during build time.
-
-[[null-safety-guidelines]]
-== Guidelines
-
-The purpose of this section is to share some proposed guidelines for explicitly specifying the nullability of
-Spring-related libraries or applications.
-
-[[null-safety-guidelines-jspecify]]
-=== JSpecify
-
-==== Defaults to non-null
-
-A key point to understand is that the nullness of types is unknown by default in Java and that non-null type usage
-is by far more frequent than nullable usage. In order to keep codebases readable, we typically want to define by
-default that type usage is non-null unless marked as nullable for a specific scope. This is exactly the purpose
-of https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NullMarked.html[`@NullMarked`] which is typically set
-in Spring projects at the package level via a `package-info.java` file, for example:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes",chomp="-packages",fold="none"]
-----
-@NullMarked
-package org.springframework.core;
-
-import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
-----
-
-==== Explicit nullability
-
-In `@NullMarked` code, nullable type usage is defined explicitly with
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`].
-
-A key difference between JSpecify `@Nullable` / `@NonNull` annotations and most other variants is that the JSpecify
-annotations are meta-annotated with `@Target(ElementType.TYPE_USE)`, so they apply only to type usage. This impacts
-where such annotations should be placed, either to comply with
-https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-9.html#jls-9.7.4[related Java specifications] or to follow code
-style best practices. From a style perspective, it is recommended to embrace the type-use nature of those annotations
-by placing them on the same line as and immediately preceding the annotated type.
-
-For example, for a field:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-private @Nullable String fileEncoding;
-----
-
-Or for method parameters and method return types:
-
-[source,java,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-public @Nullable String buildMessage(@Nullable String message,
-                                     @Nullable Throwable cause) {
-    // ...
-}
-----
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-When overriding a method, JSpecify annotations are not inherited from the original
-method. That means the JSpecify annotations should be copied to the overriding method if
-you want to override the implementation and keep the same nullability semantics.
-====
-
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`] and
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/api/org/jspecify/annotations/NullUnmarked.html[`@NullUnmarked`] should rarely be needed for
-typical use cases.
-
-==== Arrays and varargs
-
-With arrays and varargs, you need to be able to differentiate the nullness of the elements from the nullness of
-the array itself. Pay attention to the syntax
-https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-9.html#jls-9.7.4[defined by the Java specification] which may be
-initially surprising. For example, in `@NullMarked` code:
-
-- `@Nullable Object[] array` means individual elements can be `null` but the array itself cannot.
-- `Object @Nullable [] array` means individual elements cannot be `null` but the array itself can.
-- `@Nullable Object @Nullable [] array` means both individual elements and the array can be `null`.
-
-==== Generics
-
-JSpecify annotations apply to generics as well. For example, in `@NullMarked` code:
-
- - `List<String>` means a list of non-null elements (equivalent of `List<@NonNull String>`)
- - `List<@Nullable String>` means a list of nullable elements
-
-Things are a bit more complicated when you are declaring generic types or generic methods. See the related
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/user-guide/#generics[JSpecify generics documentation] for more details.
-
-WARNING: The nullability of generic types and generic methods
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Ajspecify[is not yet fully supported by NullAway].
-
-==== Nested and fully qualified types
-
-The Java specification also enforces that annotations defined with `@Target(ElementType.TYPE_USE)` – like JSpecify's
-`@Nullable` annotation – must be declared after the last dot (`.`) within inner or fully qualified type names:
-
-- `Cache.@Nullable ValueWrapper`
-- `jakarta.validation.@Nullable Validator`
-
-
-[[null-safety-guidelines-nullaway]]
-=== NullAway
-
-==== Configuration
-
-The recommended configuration is:
-
- - `NullAway:OnlyNullMarked=true` in order to perform nullability checks only for packages annotated with `@NullMarked`.
- - `NullAway:CustomContractAnnotations=org.springframework.lang.Contract` which makes NullAway aware of the
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/Contract.html[@Contract] annotation in the `org.springframework.lang` package which
-can be used to express complementary semantics to avoid irrelevant warnings in your codebase.
-
-A good example of the benefits of a `@Contract` declaration can be seen with
-{spring-framework-api}/util/Assert.html#notNull(java.lang.Object,java.lang.String)[`Assert.notNull()`]
-which is annotated with `@Contract("null, _ -> fail")`. With that contract declaration, NullAway will understand
-that the value passed as a parameter cannot be null after a successful invocation of `Assert.notNull()`.
-
-Optionally, it is possible to set `NullAway:JSpecifyMode=true` to enable
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway/wiki/JSpecify-Support[checks on the full JSpecify semantics], including annotations on
-arrays, varargs, and generics. Be aware that this mode is
-https://github.com/uber/NullAway/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Ajspecify[still under development] and requires
-JDK 22 or later (typically combined with the `--release` Java compiler flag to configure the
-expected baseline). It is recommended to enable the JSpecify mode only as a second step, after making sure the codebase
-generates no warning with the recommended configuration mentioned previously in this section.
-
-==== Warnings suppression
-
-There are a few valid use cases where NullAway will incorrectly detect nullability problems. In such cases,
-it is recommended to suppress related warnings and to document the reason:
-
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway.Init")` at field, constructor, or class level can be used to avoid unnecessary warnings
-due to the lazy initialization of fields – for example, due to a class implementing
-{spring-framework-api}/beans/factory/InitializingBean.html[`InitializingBean`].
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Dataflow analysis limitation` can be used when NullAway dataflow analysis is not
-able to detect that the path involving a nullability problem will never happen.
- - `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Lambda` can be used when NullAway does not take into account assertions performed
-outside of a lambda for the code path within the lambda.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Reflection` can be used for some reflection operations that are known to return
-non-null values even if that cannot be expressed by the API.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Well-known map keys` can be used when `Map#get` invocations are performed with keys
-that are known to be present and when non-null related values have been inserted previously.
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // Overridden method does not define nullability` can be used when the superclass does
-not define nullability (typically when the superclass comes from an external dependency).
-- `@SuppressWarnings("NullAway") // See https://github.com/uber/NullAway/issues/1075` can be used when NullAway is not able to detect type variable nullness in generic methods.
-
-
-[[null-safety-migrating]]
-== Migrating from Spring null-safety annotations
-
-Spring null-safety annotations {spring-framework-api}/lang/Nullable.html[`@Nullable`],
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNull.html[`@NonNull`],
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullApi.html[`@NonNullApi`], and
-{spring-framework-api}/lang/NonNullFields.html[`@NonNullFields`] in the `org.springframework.lang` package were
-introduced in Spring Framework 5 when JSpecify did not exist, and the best option at that time was to leverage
-meta-annotations from JSR 305 (a dormant but widespread JSR). They are deprecated as of Spring Framework 7 in favor of
-https://jspecify.dev/docs/start-here/[JSpecify] annotations, which provide significant enhancements such as properly
-defined specifications, a canonical dependency with no split-package issues, better tooling, better Kotlin integration,
-and the capability to specify nullability more precisely for more use cases.
-
-A key difference is that Spring's deprecated null-safety annotations, which follow JSR 305 semantics, apply to fields,
-parameters, and return values; while JSpecify annotations apply to type usage. This subtle difference
-is pretty significant in practice, since it allows developers to differentiate between the nullness of elements and the
-nullness of arrays/varargs as well as to define the nullness of generic types.
-
-That means array and varargs null-safety declarations have to be updated to keep the same semantics. For example
-`@Nullable Object[] array` with Spring annotations needs to be changed to `Object @Nullable [] array` with JSpecify
-annotations. The same applies to varargs.
-
-It is also recommended to move field and return value annotations closer to the type and on the same line, for example:
-
- - For fields, instead of `@Nullable private String field` with Spring annotations, use `private @Nullable String field`
-with JSpecify annotations.
-- For method return types, instead of `@Nullable public String method()` with Spring annotations, use
-`public @Nullable String method()` with JSpecify annotations.
-
-Also, with JSpecify, you do not need to specify `@NonNull` when overriding a type usage annotated with `@Nullable`
-in the super method to "undo" the nullable declaration in null-marked code. Just declare it unannotated, and the
-null-marked defaults will apply (type usage is considered non-null unless explicitly annotated as nullable).
+It is neither necessary nor recommended to add a JSR-305 dependency to the project classpath to
+take advantage of Spring's null-safe APIs. Only projects such as Spring-based libraries that use
+null-safety annotations in their codebase should add `com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2`
+with `compileOnly` Gradle configuration or Maven `provided` scope to avoid compiler warnings.

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/resilience.adoc

@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-[[resilience]]
-= Resilience Features
-
-As of 7.0, the core Spring Framework includes common resilience features, in particular
-<<resilience-annotations-retryable>> and <<resilience-annotations-concurrencylimit>>
-annotations for method invocations as well as <<resilience-programmatic-retry,
-programmatic retry support>>.
-
-
-[[resilience-annotations-retryable]]
-== `@Retryable`
-
-{spring-framework-api}/resilience/annotation/Retryable.html[`@Retryable`] is an annotation
-that specifies retry characteristics for an individual method (with the annotation
-declared at the method level), or for all proxy-invoked methods in a given class hierarchy
-(with the annotation declared at the type level).
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Retryable
-public void sendNotification() {
-    this.jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-}
-----
-
-By default, the method invocation will be retried for any exception thrown: with at most
-3 retry attempts (`maxRetries = 3`) after an initial failure, and a delay of 1 second
-between attempts. If all attempts have failed and the retry policy has been exhausted,
-the last original exception from the target method will be propagated to the caller.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-A `@Retryable` method will be invoked at least once and retried at most `maxRetries`
-times, where `maxRetries` is the maximum number of retry attempts. Specifically,
-`total attempts = 1 initial attempt + maxRetries attempts`.
-
-For example, if `maxRetries` is set to `4`, the `@Retryable` method will be invoked at
-least once and at most 5 times.
-====
-
-This can be specifically adapted for every method if necessary — for example, by narrowing
-the exceptions to retry via the `includes` and `excludes` attributes. The supplied
-exception types will be matched against an exception thrown by a failed invocation as well
-as nested causes.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Retryable(MessageDeliveryException.class)
-public void sendNotification() {
-    this.jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-}
-----
-
-NOTE: `@Retryable(MessageDeliveryException.class)` is a shortcut for
-`@Retryable(includes{nbsp}={nbsp}MessageDeliveryException.class)`.
-
-[TIP]
-====
-For advanced use cases, you can specify a custom `MethodRetryPredicate` via the
-`predicate` attribute in `@Retryable`, and the predicate will be used to determine whether
-to retry a failed method invocation based on a `Method` and a given `Throwable` – for
-example, by checking the message of the `Throwable`.
-
-Custom predicates can be combined with `includes` and `excludes`; however, custom
-predicates will always be applied after `includes` and `excludes` have been applied.
-====
-
-Or for 4 retry attempts and an exponential back-off strategy with a bit of jitter:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Retryable(
-        includes = MessageDeliveryException.class,
-        maxRetries = 4,
-        delay = 100,
-        jitter = 10,
-        multiplier = 2,
-        maxDelay = 1000)
-public void sendNotification() {
-    this.jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-}
-----
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-When `delay` is `0` combined with a positive `jitter`, the delay never grows
-regardless of any configured `multiplier`, so the full configured `jitter` is
-applied directly as a random delay in the range from `0` to `min(jitter, maxDelay)`.
-====
-
-Last but not least, `@Retryable` also works for reactive methods with a reactive return
-type, decorating the pipeline with Reactor's retry capabilities:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@Retryable(maxRetries = 4, delay = 100)
-public Mono<Void> sendNotification() {
-    return Mono.from(...); // <1>
-}
-----
-<1> This raw `Mono` will get decorated with a retry spec.
-	
-For details on the various characteristics, see the available annotation attributes in
-{spring-framework-api}/resilience/annotation/Retryable.html[`@Retryable`].
-
-TIP: Several attributes in `@Retryable` have `String` variants that provide property
-placeholder and SpEL support, as an alternative to the specifically typed annotation
-attributes used in the above examples.
-
-[TIP]
-====
-During `@Retryable` processing, Spring publishes a `MethodRetryEvent` for every exception
-coming out of the target method. This can be used to track/log all original exceptions
-whereas the caller of the `@Retryable` method will only ever see the last exception.
-====
-
-
-[[resilience-annotations-concurrencylimit]]
-== `@ConcurrencyLimit`
-
-{spring-framework-api}/resilience/annotation/ConcurrencyLimit.html[`@ConcurrencyLimit`] is
-an annotation that specifies a concurrency limit for an individual method (with the
-annotation declared at the method level), or for all proxy-invoked methods in a given
-class hierarchy (with the annotation declared at the type level).
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@ConcurrencyLimit(10)
-public void sendNotification() {
-    this.jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-}
-----
-
-This is meant to protect the target resource from being accessed from too many threads at
-the same time, similar to the effect of a pool size limit for a thread pool or a
-connection pool that blocks access if its limit is reached.
-
-You may optionally set the limit to `1`, effectively locking access to the target bean
-instance:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-@ConcurrencyLimit(1)
-public void sendNotification() {
-    this.jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-}
-----
-	
-Such limiting is particularly useful with Virtual Threads where there is generally no
-thread pool limit in place. For asynchronous tasks, this can be constrained on
-{spring-framework-api}/core/task/SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor.html[`SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor`].
-For synchronous invocations, this annotation provides equivalent behavior through
-{spring-framework-api}/aop/interceptor/ConcurrencyThrottleInterceptor.html[`ConcurrencyThrottleInterceptor`]
-which has been available since Spring Framework 1.0 for programmatic use with the AOP
-framework.
-
-TIP: `@ConcurrencyLimit` also has a `limitString` attribute that provides property
-placeholder and SpEL support, as an alternative to the `int` based examples above.
-
-
-[[resilience-annotations-configuration]]
-== Enabling Resilient Methods
-
-Like many of Spring's core annotation-based features, `@Retryable` and `@ConcurrencyLimit`
-are designed as metadata that you can choose to honor or ignore. The most convenient way
-to enable processing of the resilience annotations is to declare
-{spring-framework-api}/resilience/annotation/EnableResilientMethods.html[`@EnableResilientMethods`]
-on a corresponding `@Configuration` class.
-
-Alternatively, these annotations can be individually enabled by defining a
-`RetryAnnotationBeanPostProcessor` or a `ConcurrencyLimitBeanPostProcessor` bean in the
-context.
-
-
-[[resilience-programmatic-retry]]
-== Programmatic Retry Support
-
-In contrast to <<resilience-annotations-retryable>> which provides a declarative approach
-for specifying retry semantics for methods within beans registered in the
-`ApplicationContext`,
-{spring-framework-api}/core/retry/RetryTemplate.html[`RetryTemplate`] provides a
-programmatic API for retrying arbitrary blocks of code.
-
-Specifically, a `RetryTemplate` executes and potentially retries a
-{spring-framework-api}/core/retry/Retryable.html[`Retryable`] operation based on a
-configured {spring-framework-api}/core/retry/RetryPolicy.html[`RetryPolicy`].
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    var retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate(); // <1>
-
-    retryTemplate.invoke(
-            () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-----
-<1> Implicitly uses `RetryPolicy.withDefaults()`.
-
-By default, a retryable operation will be retried for any exception thrown: with at most
-3 retry attempts (`maxRetries = 3`) after an initial failure, and a delay of 1 second
-between attempts.
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-A retryable operation will be executed at least once and retried at most `maxRetries`
-times, where `maxRetries` is the maximum number of retry attempts. Specifically,
-`total attempts = 1 initial attempt + maxRetries attempts`.
-
-For example, if `maxRetries` is set to `4`, the retryable operation will be invoked at
-least once and at most 5 times.
-====
-
-If you only need to customize the number of retry attempts, you can use the
-`RetryPolicy.withMaxRetries()` factory method as demonstrated below.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    var retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate(RetryPolicy.withMaxRetries(4)); // <1>
-
-    retryTemplate.invoke(
-            () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-----
-<1> Explicitly uses `RetryPolicy.withMaxRetries(4)`.
-
-If you need to narrow the types of exceptions to retry, that can be achieved via the
-`includes()` and `excludes()` builder methods. The supplied exception types will be
-matched against an exception thrown by a failed operation as well as nested causes.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    var retryPolicy = RetryPolicy.builder()
-            .includes(MessageDeliveryException.class) // <1>
-            .excludes(...) // <2>
-            .build();
-
-    var retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate(retryPolicy);
-
-    retryTemplate.invoke(
-            () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-----
-<1> Specify one or more exception types to include.
-<2> Specify one or more exception types to exclude.
-
-[TIP]
-====
-For advanced use cases, you can specify a custom `Predicate<Throwable>` via the
-`predicate()` method in the `RetryPolicy.Builder`, and the predicate will be used to
-determine whether to retry a failed operation based on a given `Throwable` – for example,
-by checking the message of the `Throwable`.
-
-Custom predicates can be combined with `includes` and `excludes`; however, custom
-predicates will always be applied after `includes` and `excludes` have been applied.
-====
-
-The following example demonstrates how to configure a `RetryPolicy` with 4 retry attempts
-and an exponential back-off strategy with a bit of jitter.
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    var retryPolicy = RetryPolicy.builder()
-            .includes(MessageDeliveryException.class)
-            .maxRetries(4)
-            .delay(Duration.ofMillis(100))
-            .jitter(Duration.ofMillis(10))
-            .multiplier(2)
-            .maxDelay(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
-            .build();
-
-    var retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate(retryPolicy);
-
-    retryTemplate.invoke(
-            () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-----
-
-[NOTE]
-====
-When `delay` is zero combined with a positive `jitter`, the delay never grows
-regardless of any configured `multiplier`, so the full configured `jitter` is
-applied directly as a random delay in the range from zero to `min(jitter, maxDelay)`.
-====
-
-[TIP]
-====
-Although the factory methods and builder API for `RetryPolicy` cover most common
-configuration scenarios, you can implement a custom `RetryPolicy` for complete control
-over the types of exceptions that should trigger a retry as well as the
-{spring-framework-api}/util/backoff/BackOff.html[`BackOff`] strategy to use. Note that
-you can also configure a customized `BackOff` strategy via the `backOff()` method in
-the `RetryPolicy.Builder`.
-====
-
-Note that the examples above apply a pattern similar to `@Retryable` method invocations
-where the last original exception will be propagated to the caller, using the `invoke`
-variants on `RetryTemplate` which are available with and without a return value.
-The callback may throw unchecked exceptions, the last one of which is exposed for
-direct handling on the caller side:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    try {
-        retryTemplate.invoke(
-                () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-    }
-    catch (MessageDeliveryException ex) {
-        // coming out of the original JmsClient send method
-    }
-----
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    try {
-        var result = retryTemplate.invoke(() -> {
-            jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-            return "result";
-        });
-    }
-    catch (MessageDeliveryException ex) {
-        // coming out of the original JmsClient send method
-    }
-----
-
-`RetryTemplate` instances are very light and can be created on the fly,
-potentially with a specific retry policy to use for a given invocation:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    try {
-        new RetryTemplate(RetryPolicy.withMaxRetries(4)).invoke(
-                () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-    }
-    catch (MessageDeliveryException ex) {
-        // coming out of the original JmsClient send method
-    }
-----
-
-For deeper interaction, you may use RetryTemplate's `execute` method. The caller will
-have to handle the checked `RetryException` thrown by `RetryTemplate`, exposing the
-outcome of all attempts:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    try {
-        var result = retryTemplate.execute(() -> {
-            jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...);
-            return "result";
-        });
-    }
-    catch (RetryException ex) {
-        // ex.getExceptions() / ex.getLastException() ...
-    }
-----
-
-A {spring-framework-api}/core/retry/RetryListener.html[`RetryListener`] can be registered
-with a `RetryTemplate` to react to key retry steps (before or after a retry attempt etc.)
-or simply to every invocation attempt, being able to track all exceptions coming out of
-the callback and all retry outcomes (exhaustion, interruption, timeout). This is
-particularly useful when using `invoke` where no retry state other than the last
-original exception is exposed otherwise:
-
-[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
-----
-    var retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate();
-    retryTemplate.setRetryListener(new RetryListener() {
-        @Override
-        public void onRetryableExecution(RetryPolicy retryPolicy, Retryable<?> retryable, RetryState retryState) {
-            ...
-        }
-    });
-
-    retryTemplate.invoke(
-            () -> jmsClient.destination("notifications").send(...));
-----
-
-You can also compose multiple listeners via a
-{spring-framework-api}/core/retry/support/CompositeRetryListener.html[`CompositeRetryListener`].

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/resources.adoc

@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
 This chapter covers how Spring handles resources and how you can work with resources in
 Spring. It includes the following topics:
 
-* <<resources-introduction,Introduction>>
-* <<resources-resource,The `Resource` Interface>>
-* <<resources-implementations,Built-in `Resource` Implementations>>
-* <<resources-resourceloader,The `ResourceLoader` Interface>>
-* <<resources-resourcepatternresolver,The `ResourcePatternResolver` Interface>>
-* <<resources-resourceloaderaware,The `ResourceLoaderAware` Interface>>
-* <<resources-as-dependencies,Resources as Dependencies>>
-* <<resources-app-ctx,Application Contexts and Resource Paths>>
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-introduction[Introduction]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resource[The `Resource` Interface]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations[Built-in `Resource` Implementations]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resourceloader[The `ResourceLoader` Interface]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resourcepatternresolver[The `ResourcePatternResolver` Interface]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resourceloaderaware[The `ResourceLoaderAware` Interface]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-as-dependencies[Resources as Dependencies]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-app-ctx[Application Contexts and Resource Paths]
 
 
 [[resources-introduction]]
@@ -126,13 +126,13 @@ For example, a `UrlResource` wraps a URL and uses the wrapped `URL` to do its wo
 
 Spring includes several built-in `Resource` implementations:
 
-* <<resources-implementations-urlresource,`UrlResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-classpathresource,`ClassPathResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-filesystemresource,`FileSystemResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-pathresource,`PathResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-servletcontextresource,`ServletContextResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-inputstreamresource,`InputStreamResource`>>
-* <<resources-implementations-bytearrayresource,`ByteArrayResource`>>
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-urlresource[`UrlResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-classpathresource[`ClassPathResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-filesystemresource[`FileSystemResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-pathresource[`PathResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-servletcontextresource[`ServletContextResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-inputstreamresource[`InputStreamResource`]
+* xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-implementations-bytearrayresource[`ByteArrayResource`]
 
 For a complete list of `Resource` implementations available in Spring, consult the
 "All Known Implementing Classes" section of the
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ objects:
 
 | file:
 | `\file:///data/config.xml`
-| Loaded as a `URL` from the filesystem. See also <<resources-filesystemresource-caveats,`FileSystemResource` Caveats>>.
+| Loaded as a `URL` from the filesystem. See also xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-filesystemresource-caveats[`FileSystemResource` Caveats].
 
 | https:
 | `\https://myserver/logo.png`
@@ -384,11 +384,11 @@ for all matching resources from the class path. Note that the resource location
 expected to be a path without placeholders in this case -- for example,
 `classpath*:/config/beans.xml`. JAR files or different directories in the class path can
 contain multiple files with the same path and the same name. See
-<<resources-app-ctx-wildcards-in-resource-paths,Wildcards in Application Context Constructor Resource Paths>> and its subsections for further details
+xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-app-ctx-wildcards-in-resource-paths[Wildcards in Application Context Constructor Resource Paths] and its subsections for further details
 on wildcard support with the `classpath*:` resource prefix.
 
 A passed-in `ResourceLoader` (for example, one supplied via
-<<resources-resourceloaderaware,`ResourceLoaderAware`>> semantics) can be checked whether
+xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resourceloaderaware[`ResourceLoaderAware`] semantics) can be checked whether
 it implements this extended interface too.
 
 `PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver` is a standalone implementation that is usable
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ For more information, see xref:core/beans/annotation-config/autowired.adoc[Using
 
 NOTE: To load one or more `Resource` objects for a resource path that contains wildcards
 or makes use of the special `classpath*:` resource prefix, consider having an instance of
-<<resources-resourcepatternresolver,`ResourcePatternResolver`>> autowired into your
+xref:core/resources.adoc#resources-resourcepatternresolver[`ResourcePatternResolver`] autowired into your
 application components instead of `ResourceLoader`.
 
 

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/spring-jcl.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+[[spring-jcl]]
+= Logging
+
+Spring comes with its own Commons Logging bridge implemented
+in the `spring-jcl` module. The implementation checks for the presence of the Log4j 2.x
+API and the SLF4J 1.7 API in the classpath and uses the first one of those found as the
+logging implementation, falling back to the Java platform's core logging facilities (also
+known as _JUL_ or `java.util.logging`) if neither Log4j 2.x nor SLF4J is available.
+
+Put Log4j 2.x or Logback (or another SLF4J provider) in your classpath, without any extra
+bridges, and let the framework auto-adapt to your choice. For further information see the
+{spring-boot-docs-ref}/features/logging.html[Spring
+Boot Logging Reference Documentation].
+
+[NOTE]
+====
+Spring's Commons Logging variant is only meant to be used for infrastructure logging
+purposes in the core framework and in extensions.
+
+For logging needs within application code, prefer direct use of Log4j 2.x, SLF4J, or JUL.
+====
+
+A `Log` implementation may be retrieved via `org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory` as in
+the following example.
+
+[tabs]
+======
+Java::
++
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+public class MyBean {
+	private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
+	// ...
+}
+----
+
+Kotlin::
++
+[source,kotlin,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+class MyBean {
+	private val log = LogFactory.getLog(javaClass)
+	// ...
+}
+----
+======

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/beans-beans.adoc

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-[[data-binding]]
+[[beans-binding]]
 = Data Binding
 
 Data binding is useful for binding user input to a target object where user input is a map
-with property paths as keys, following <<data-binding-conventions,JavaBeans conventions>>.
+with property paths as keys, following xref:beans-beans-conventions[JavaBeans conventions].
 `DataBinder` is the main class that supports this, and it provides two ways to bind user
 input:
 
-- <<data-binding-constructor-binding,Constructor binding>> - bind user input to a
-  public data constructor, looking up constructor argument values in the user input.
-- <<data-binding-property-binding,Property binding>> - bind user input to setters,
-  matching keys from the user input to properties of the target object structure.
+- xref:beans-constructor-binding[Constructor binding] - bind user input to a public data
+constructor, looking up constructor argument values in the user input.
+- xref:beans-beans[Property binding] - bind user input to setters, matching keys from the
+user input to properties of the target object structure.
 
 You can apply both constructor and property binding or only one.
 
 
-[[data-binding-constructor-binding]]
+[[beans-constructor-binding]]
 == Constructor Binding
 
 To use constructor binding:
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ WebFlux support a custom name mapping through the `@BindParam` annotation on con
 parameters or fields if present. If necessary, you can also configure a `NameResolver` on
 `DataBinder` to customize the argument name to use.
 
-<<data-binding-conventions,Type conversion>> is applied as needed to convert user input.
+xref:beans-beans-conventions[Type conversion] is applied as needed to convert user input.
 If the constructor parameter is an object, it is constructed recursively in the same
 manner, but through a nested property path. That means constructor binding creates both
 the target object and any objects it contains.
@@ -46,7 +46,9 @@ If the target is created successfully, then `target` is set to the created insta
 after the call to `construct`.
 
 
-[[data-binding-property-binding]]
+
+
+[[beans-beans]]
 == Property Binding with `BeanWrapper`
 
 The `org.springframework.beans` package adheres to the JavaBeans standard.
@@ -72,14 +74,15 @@ The way the `BeanWrapper` works is partly indicated by its name: it wraps a bean
 perform actions on that bean, such as setting and retrieving properties.
 
 
-[[data-binding-conventions]]
+
+[[beans-beans-conventions]]
 === Setting and Getting Basic and Nested Properties
 
 Setting and getting properties is done through the `setPropertyValue` and
 `getPropertyValue` overloaded method variants of `BeanWrapper`. See their Javadoc for
 details. The below table shows some examples of these conventions:
 
-[[data-binding-conventions-properties-tbl]]
+[[beans-beans-conventions-properties-tbl]]
 .Examples of properties
 |===
 | Expression| Explanation
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ details. The below table shows some examples of these conventions:
 (This next section is not vitally important to you if you do not plan to work with
 the `BeanWrapper` directly. If you use only the `DataBinder` and the `BeanFactory`
 and their default implementations, you should skip ahead to the
-<<data-binding-conversion,section on `PropertyEditors`>>.)
+xref:core/validation/beans-beans.adoc#beans-beans-conversion[section on `PropertyEditors`].)
 
 The following two example classes use the `BeanWrapper` to get and set
 properties:
@@ -236,8 +239,9 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 
 
-[[data-binding-conversion]]
-== ``PropertyEditor``s
+
+[[beans-beans-conversion]]
+== ``PropertyEditor``'s
 
 Spring uses the concept of a `PropertyEditor` to effect the conversion between an
 `Object` and a `String`. It can be handy
@@ -268,7 +272,7 @@ package. Most, (but not all, as indicated in the following table) are, by defaul
 still register your own variant to override the default one. The following table describes
 the various `PropertyEditor` implementations that Spring provides:
 
-[[data-binding-property-editors-tbl]]
+[[beans-beans-property-editors-tbl]]
 .Built-in `PropertyEditor` Implementations
 [cols="30%,70%"]
 |===
@@ -422,8 +426,8 @@ Kotlin::
 ======
 
 
-[[data-binding-conversion-customeditor-registration]]
-=== Custom ``PropertyEditor``s
+[[beans-beans-conversion-customeditor-registration]]
+=== Custom ``PropertyEditor``'s
 
 When setting bean properties as string values, a Spring IoC container ultimately uses
 standard JavaBeans `PropertyEditor` implementations to convert these strings to the complex type of the
@@ -447,7 +451,7 @@ where it can be automatically detected and applied.
 Note that all bean factories and application contexts automatically use a number of
 built-in property editors, through their use of a `BeanWrapper` to
 handle property conversions. The standard property editors that the `BeanWrapper`
-registers are listed in the <<data-binding-conversion,previous section>>.
+registers are listed in the xref:core/validation/beans-beans.adoc#beans-beans-conversion[previous section].
 Additionally, ``ApplicationContext``s also override or add additional editors to handle
 resource lookups in a manner appropriate to the specific application context type.
 
@@ -565,7 +569,7 @@ Finally, the following example shows how to use `CustomEditorConfigurer` to regi
 	</bean>
 ----
 
-[[data-binding-conversion-customeditor-registration-per]]
+[[beans-beans-conversion-customeditor-registration-per]]
 === `PropertyEditorRegistrar`
 
 Another mechanism for registering property editors with the Spring container is to
@@ -576,7 +580,7 @@ You can write a corresponding registrar and reuse it in each case.
 `PropertyEditorRegistry`, an interface that is implemented by the Spring `BeanWrapper`
 (and `DataBinder`). `PropertyEditorRegistrar` instances are particularly convenient
 when used in conjunction with `CustomEditorConfigurer` (described
-<<data-binding-conversion-customeditor-registration,here>>), which exposes a property
+xref:core/validation/beans-beans.adoc#beans-beans-conversion-customeditor-registration[here]), which exposes a property
 called `setPropertyEditorRegistrars(..)`. `PropertyEditorRegistrar` instances added
 to a `CustomEditorConfigurer` in this fashion can easily be shared with `DataBinder` and
 Spring MVC controllers. Furthermore, it avoids the need for synchronization on custom

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/conversion.adoc

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-[[validation-error-code-resolution]]
-= Resolving Error Codes to Error Messages
+[[validation-conversion]]
+= Resolving Codes to Error Messages
 
-We covered data binding and validation. This section covers outputting messages that correspond
+We covered databinding and validation. This section covers outputting messages that correspond
 to validation errors. In the example shown in the xref:core/validation/validator.adoc[preceding section],
 we rejected the `name` and `age` fields. If we want to output the error messages by using a
 `MessageSource`, we can do so using the error code we provide when rejecting the field

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/convert.adoc

@@ -310,11 +310,9 @@ Java::
 
 	List<Integer> input = ...
 	cs.convert(input,
-		TypeDescriptor.collection(List.class, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Integer.class)), // <1>
-		TypeDescriptor.collection(List.class, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(String.class))); // <2>
+		TypeDescriptor.forObject(input), // List<Integer> type descriptor
+		TypeDescriptor.collection(List.class, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(String.class)));
 ----
-<1> `List<Integer>` type descriptor
-<2> `List<String>` type descriptor
 
 Kotlin::
 +
@@ -324,11 +322,9 @@ Kotlin::
 
 	val input: List<Integer> = ...
 	cs.convert(input,
-		TypeDescriptor.collection(List::class.java, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Integer::class.java)), // <1>
-		TypeDescriptor.collection(List::class.java, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(String::class.java))) // <2>
+			TypeDescriptor.forObject(input), // List<Integer> type descriptor
+			TypeDescriptor.collection(List::class.java, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(String::class.java)))
 ----
-<1> `List<Integer>` type descriptor
-<2> `List<String>` type descriptor
 ======
 
 Note that `DefaultConversionService` automatically registers converters that are

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/core/validation/validator.adoc

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[validator]]
-= Validation Using Spring's Validator Interface
+= Validation by Using Spring's Validator Interface
 
 Spring features a `Validator` interface that you can use to validate objects. The
 `Validator` interface works by using an `Errors` object so that, while validating,

framework-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/data-access/appendix.adoc

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
 This part of the appendix lists XML schemas for data access, including the following:
 
-* <<xsd-schemas-tx,The `tx` Schema>>
-* <<xsd-schemas-jdbc,The `jdbc` Schema>>
+* xref:data-access/appendix.adoc#xsd-schemas-tx[The `tx` Schema]
+* xref:data-access/appendix.adoc#xsd-schemas-jdbc[The `jdbc` Schema]
 
 [[xsd-schemas-tx]]
 === The `tx` Schema